The potential of cryptotephra and OSL dating for refining the chronology of open-air archaeological windblown sand sites: A case study from Mirkowice 33, northwest Poland

Rupert A. Housley; Alison MacLeod; Simon J. Armitage; Jacek Kabaciński; Clive S. Gamble

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The potential of cryptotephra and OSL dating for refining the chronology of open-air archaeological windblown sand sites: A case study from Mirkowice 33, northwest Poland

机译：密码学和OSL测年技术在完善露天考古风沙地带年代学方面的潜力：来自波兰西北部Mirkowice 33的案例研究

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The discovery of a cryptotephra (nonvisible volcanic horizon) in a windblown sand archaeological site in Poland highlights how luminescence and tephrostratigraphy may combine to better refine the chronology of such sites. In this study we identify a cryptotephra horizon which on the basis of major and minor element geochemistry and an OSL age of 2.3 ± 0.1 ka is correlated to the Glen Garry tephra. The different methodological strengths of OSL and tephrostratigraphy may be harnessed to counter the limitations of a single approach to produce a more secure chronology. Although in this study the tephra deposition event is shown to post-date the archaeological activity, the methodological approach is clearly demonstrated. Further investigations will reveal if cryptotephra layers are commonly preserved in such environmental settings. If this is so then future applications of this approach may prove to be more widely applicable.

机译：在波兰的一个风沙考古遗址中发现了一个隐隐火山（不可见的火山层），这突显了发光和岩层地层学如何结合起来以更好地完善这些遗址的年代。在这项研究中，我们确定了隐隐层位，该隐层层根据主要元素和次要元素地球化学以及OSL年龄2.3±0.1 ka与Glen Garry tephra相关。可以利用OSL和断层地层照相法的不同方法优势来抵消单一方法产生的局限性，以产生更安全的时间顺序。尽管在这项研究中，特弗拉沉积事件被证明比考古活动要晚，但方法论方法却得到了明确证明。进一步的研究将揭示在这种环境下是否通常保存隐胎蛾层。如果是这样的话，那么这种方法的未来应用可能会证明更广泛地适用。

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《Quaternary geochronology》 |2014年第null期|共10页
作者
Rupert A. Housley; Alison MacLeod; Simon J. Armitage; Jacek Kabaciński; Clive S. Gamble;
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正文语种 eng
中图分类地球物理学;
关键词
Aeolian sand; Late Palaeolithic; Hamburgian; Tephrostratigraphy; Askja eruptions; Optically stimulated luminescence;

机译：风沙;旧石器时代晚期;汉堡;地层岩石学;Askja爆发;光学激发的发光;

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1. The potential of cryptotephra and OSL dating for refining the chronology of open-air archaeological windblown sand sites: A case study from Mirkowice 33, northwest Poland [J] . Rupert A. Housley, Alison MacLeod, Simon J. Armitage, Quaternary geochronology . 2014,第Null期

机译：密码学和OSL测年技术在完善露天考古风沙地带年代学方面的潜力：来自波兰西北部Mirkowice 33的案例研究
2. Do Bayesian methods lead to more precise chronologies? 'BayLum' and a first OSL-based chronology for the Palaeolithic open-air site of Mirak (Iran) [J] . Heydari Maryam, Guerin Guillaume, Kreutzer Sebastian, Quaternary geochronology . 2020,第1期

机译：贝叶斯方法是否导致更精确的时间顺序？ 'Baylum'和Mirak古石露天场地的第一个基于OSL的年表（伊朗）
3. Dating results on sedimentary quartz, bones and teeth from the Middle Pleistocene archaeological site of Coudoulous I (Lot, SW France): A comparative study between TT-OSL and ESR/U-series methods [J] . Hernandez Marion, Jean-Jacques Bahain, Mercier Norbert, Quaternary geochronology . 2015,第Pta2期

机译：Coudoulous I（法国西南部Lot）中更新世考古遗址对沉积石英，骨骼和牙齿的约会结果：TT-OSL与ESR / U系列方法的比较研究
4. Results of mineralogic-petrographical studies and numerical modeling of Water-Rock-CO_2 system of the potential storage site within the Belchatow area (Poland) [C] . Radoslaw Tarkowski, Magdalena Wdowin, Krzysztof Labus International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies . 2011

机译：Belchatow地区潜在储存场地水岩 - CO_2系统的矿物学 - 岩体研究和数值模拟的结果（波兰）
5. Semi-supervised machine learning approaches for predicting the chronology of archaeological sites: A case study of temples from medieval Angkor Cambodia [O] . Sarah Klassen, Jonathan Weed, Damian Evans -1

机译：半监督机器学习方法预测考古遗址的年代学：以柬埔寨中世纪吴哥庙宇为例
6. : "This paper deals with the functionality of the flaked stone assemblages from several Neolithic sites of the NE of the Iberian Peninsula. The chronological framework ranges from the mid-6th to the mid-4th millennium cal. BCE, which corresponds to the Early and Middle Neolithic. This long period ranges from the arrival of the first farming communities in the Iberian Peninsula, around 5600-5500 cal. BCE, to 3600-3500 cal. BCE, two millennia later, when Neolithic communities had stably occupied most of the available territory, from the mountainous areas of the Pyrenees to the coastal areas of the Mediterranean.In this context, the NE of the Iberian Peninsula is one of the areas where a major number of use-wear analyses have been carried out, especially for what concerns the Neolithic period. This is mainly due to the interest shown by the directors of the excavations and by the Spanish use-wear specialists as well; both participated and cooperated in order to enlarge the number of contexts studied, making the NE of the Iberian Peninsula one of the areas of Europe with the largest number of ‘functional studies’. As a result, today we have a reliable picture of the type of lithic tools used by the first farming groups, how they were used, and which needs they were satisfying.The methodology employed for this type of analysis is today broadly shared by most use-wear specialists. A stereoscopic microscope is used together with a reflected-light microscope for the analysis of the archaeological specimens. Afterwards, the observed use-wear traces are compared with the traces from experimental tools. This study primarily made use of the tools preserved at the ‘Traceoteque’ of the Institución Milà y Fontanals of the CSIC of Barcelona.This paper presents the results obtained for the different types of analysed sites and the relative lithic assemblages. In this way, tools from different contexts are compared: open-air sites, caves and rock-shelters, pit-sites, burials, and mining sites. Such a diversity of contexts allowed for the exploration of the existence of recurrences and differences in the functionality of the lithic tools from one site to another. The results obtained have also provided information on some aspects related to the economic processes carried out at the different sites, caves, rock-shelters and open-air contexts. It has been possible to gain fresh data on the types of tasks carried out and their relative importance for each site, their relation with the geographical and environmental context and the natural resources available there. In addition, analysing tools recovered from burials – mainly individual inhumations – provided information on the relationships between the buried individuals and the working tools, in particular exploring the relationships between sex and age patterns and the types of tools deposited as goods.In conclusion, use-wear analysis allowed for the exploration of a variety of issues; from technical aspects related to the production and management of the lithic resources to social aspects related to the subsistence activities and the individuals that carried them out." [O] . Gibaja Bao, Juan Francisco, Mazzucco, Niccolo 2015

机译：：“本文研究了伊比利亚半岛东北部几个新石器时代遗址的片状石材组合的功能。时间框架从公元前6世纪中叶到4世纪中叶，分别对应于早期和早期。新石器时代中期，这段时间的长短是从伊比利亚半岛的第一个农业社区到来，大约在公元前5600-5500 cal，到了两千年后的3600-3500 BCE，当时新石器时代的社区稳定地占据了大部分可用土地。从比利牛斯山脉山区到地中海沿岸地区。在这种情况下，伊比利亚半岛东北部是进行过大量使用磨损分析的地区之一，尤其是在关注方面新石器时代，这主要是由于发掘负责人和西班牙使用服装专家表现出的浓厚兴趣；他们参与和合作以扩大孔蒂的数量xts进行了研究，使伊比利亚半岛的NE成为“功能研究”数量最多的欧洲地区之一。结果，今天我们可以可靠地了解第一批耕作小组使用的石器工具的类型，使用方法以及它们满足的需求。今天，大多数使用方法广泛共享用于这种类型的分析的方法穿专家。立体显微镜与反射光显微镜一起用于分析考古样本。然后，将观察到的使用磨损痕迹与实验工具的痕迹进行比较。这项研究主要利用了巴塞罗那CSIC的米拉·丰塔纳尔研究所的“ Traceoteque”中保存的工具。本文介绍了针对不同类型的分析地点和相对石器组合所获得的结果。通过这种方式，可以比较来自不同环境的工具：露天场所，洞穴和岩石避难所，露天场所，埋葬场所和采矿场所。如此多样的上下文允许探索重复性的存在以及从一个站点到另一个站点的石器工具的功能差异。所获得的结果还提供了与在不同地点，洞穴，避难所和露天环境中进行的经济过程有关的某些方面的信息。可以获得有关所执行任务的类型及其对每个站点的相对重要性，它们与地理和环境环境以及那里可用自然资源的关系的新数据。此外，对从墓葬中回收的工具（主要是个人遗体）进行分析，可提供有关被掩埋的个体与工作工具之间关系的信息，尤其是探索性别与年龄模式之间的关系以及作为商品存放的工具的类型。磨损分析允许探索各种问题；从与石器资源的生产和管理有关的技术方面到与自给活动及其实施者有关的社会方面。”

The potential of cryptotephra and OSL dating for refining the chronology of open-air archaeological windblown sand sites: A case study from Mirkowice 33, northwest Poland

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