首页> 外文期刊>Chemistry: A European journal >Syntheses, reactivity and DFT studies of group 2 and group 12 metal complexes of tris(pyrazolyl)methanides featuring 'Free' pyramidal carbanions
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Syntheses, reactivity and DFT studies of group 2 and group 12 metal complexes of tris(pyrazolyl)methanides featuring 'Free' pyramidal carbanions

机译:具有“游离”金字塔型碳负离子的三(吡唑基)甲烷化物的第2组和第12组金属配合物的合成,反应性和DFT研究

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Reactions of HC(Me(2)pz)(3) with Grignard reagents, dialkyl magnesium compounds and dimethylzinc are reported, together with a DFT study on some of the aspects of this chemistry. Reactions of HC(Me(2)pz)(3) with MeMgX (X=Cl or Br) gave the half-sandwich zwitterionic compounds [Mg((Me)Tpmd)X] (X=Cl (2) or Br (3); (Me)Tpmd(-)=[C(Me(2)pz)(3)](-)). Addition of HCl to 2 gave the structurally characterised half-sandwich compound [Mg{HC(Me(2)pz)(3)}Cl-2(thf)] (4). The zwitterionic sandwich compound [Mg((Me)Tpmd)(2)] (5) formed in low yields in the reaction of MeMgX with HC(Me(2)pz)(3) but was readily prepared from HC(Me(2)pz)(3) and either MgnBu(2) or MgPh2. The structurally characterised compound 5 contains two "naked" sp(3)-hybridised carbanions fully separated from the dicationic metal centre. Only by using MgPh2 as starting material could the half-sandwich compound [Mg((Me)Tpmd)Ph(thf)] (6) be isolated. The zwitterionic sandwich compound 5 reacted with HOTf (OTf-= [O3SCF3](-)) to form the dication [Mg[HC(Me(2)pz)(3))(2)}(2)](2+) (7(2+)), which was structurally characterised. Pulsed field gradient spin-echo (PGSE) diffusion NMR spectroscopy revealed both compounds to be intact in solution. In contrast to the magnesium counterparts, HC(Me(2)pz)(3) reacted only slowly with ZnMe2 (and not at all with ZnPh2) to form the half-sandwich zwitterion [Zn((Me)Tpmd)Me] (8), which contains a cationic methylzinc moiety separated from a single sp(3)-hybridised carbanion. Density functional calculations on the zwitterions [M((Me)Tpmd)Me] and [M((Me)Tpmd)(2)] (M=Mg, Zn) revealed that the HOMO in each case is a (Me)Tpmd-based carbanion lone pair. The kappa C-1 isomers of [M((Me)Tpmd)Me] were calculated to be considerably less stable than their kappa N-3-bound counterparts, with the largest gain in energy for Mg due to the greater ease of electron transfer from metal to the (Me)Tpmd apical carbon atom on formation of the zwitterion. Moreover, the computed M-C bond dissociation enthalpies of the kappa C-1 isomers of [M((Me)Tpmd)Me] are considerably higher than expected by simple extrapolation from the corresponding computed H-C bond dissociation enthalpy.
机译:HC(Me(2)pz)(3)与Grignard试剂,二烷基镁化合物和二甲基锌的反应,以及有关此化学某些方面的DFT研究均已报道。 HC(Me(2)pz)(3)与MeMgX(X = Cl或Br)的反应得到半三明治两性离子化合物[Mg((Me)Tpmd)X](X = Cl(2)或Br(3 );(Me)Tpmd(-)= [C(Me(2)pz)(3)](-))。向2中添加HCl,得到结构上具有特征的半三明治化合物[Mg {HC(Me(2)pz)(3)} Cl-2(thf)](4)。两性离子夹心化合物[Mg((Me)Tpmd)(2)](5)在MeMgX与HC(Me(2)pz)(3)的反应中低产率形成,但很容易从HC(Me(2) )pz)(3)和MgnBu(2)或MgPh2。具有结构特征的化合物5包含与“金属”中心完全分开的两个“ sp”(3)“杂化”碳负离子。只有使用MgPh2作为起始原料,才能分离出半夹心化合物[Mg((Me)Tpmd)Ph(thf)](6)。两性离子夹心化合物5与HOTf(OTf- = [O3SCF3](-))反应形成指示剂[Mg [HC(Me(2)pz)(3))(2)}(2)](2+) (7(2+)),具有结构特征。脉冲场梯度自旋回波(PGSE)扩散NMR光谱显示这两种化合物在溶液中均完好无损。与镁的对应物相反,HC(Me(2)pz)(3)与ZnMe2仅缓慢反应(而不与ZnPh2完全反应),形成半三明治两性离子[Zn((Me)Tpmd)Me](8 ),其中包含与单个sp(3)杂化碳负离子分开的阳离子甲基锌部分。对两性离子[M((Me)Tpmd)Me]和[M((Me)Tpmd)(2)](M = Mg,Zn)进行的密度泛函计算表明,每种情况下的HOMO是(Me)Tpmd-基于碳负离子的孤对。据计算,[M((Me)Tpmd)Me]的C-1异构体比其与N-3结合的K-1异构体的稳定性要差得多,由于电子转移更容易,因此Mg的能量增加最大。从金属到两性离子形成时的(Me)Tpmd顶端碳原子。此外,[M((Me)Tpmd)Me]的κC-1异构体的计算出的M-C键解离焓比相应的计算出的H-C键解离焓的简单外推法要高得多。

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