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首页> 外文期刊>Quaternary Science Reviews: The International Multidisciplinary Review Journal >Tephra layers from Holocene lake sediments of the Sulmona Basin, central Italy: implications for volcanic activity in Peninsular Italy and tephrostratigraphy in the central Mediterranean area
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Tephra layers from Holocene lake sediments of the Sulmona Basin, central Italy: implications for volcanic activity in Peninsular Italy and tephrostratigraphy in the central Mediterranean area

机译：意大利中部苏尔莫纳盆地全新世湖沉积物中的特非拉层：对意大利半岛的火山活动和地中海中部的地层岩石学的影响

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摘要

We present a new tephrostratigraphic record from the Holocene lake sediments of the Sulmona basin, central Italy. The Holocene succession is represented by whitish calcareous mud that is divided into two units, SUL2 (ca 32 m thick) and SUL1 (ca 8 m thick), for a total thickness of ca 40 m. These units correspond to the youngest two out of six sedimentary cycles recognised in the Sulmona basin that are related to the lake sedimentation since the Middle Pleistocene. Height concordant U series age determinations and additional chronological data constrain the whole Holocene succession to between ca 8000 and 1000 yrs BR This includes a sedimentary hiatus that separates the SUL2 and SUL1 units, which is roughly dated between <2800 and ca 2000 yrs BP. A total of 31 and 6 tephra layers were identified within the SUL2 and SUL1 units, respectively. However, only 28 tephra layers yielded fresh micro-pumices or glass shards suitable for chemical analyses using a microprobe wavelength dispersive spectrometer. Chronological and compositional constraints suggest that 27 ash layers probably derive from the Mt. Somma-Vesuvius Holocene volcanic activity, and one to the Ischia Island eruption of the Cannavale tephra (2920 +/- 450 cal yrs BP). The 27 ash layers compatible with Mt. Somma-Vesuvius activity are clustered in three different time intervals: from ca 2000 to >1000; from 3600 to 3100; and from 7600 to 4700 yrs BP. The first, youngest cluster, comprises six layers and correlates with the intense explosive activity of Mt. Somma-Vesuvius that occurred after the prominent AD 79 Pompeii eruption, but only the near-Plinian event of AD 472 has been tentatively recognised. The intermediate cluster (3600-3100 yrs BP) starts with tephra that chemically and chronologically matches the products from the "Pomici di Avellino" eruption (ca 3800 +/- 200 yrs BP). This is followed by eight further layers, where the glasses exhibit chemical features that are similar in composition to the products from the so-called "Protohistoric" or AP eruptions; however, only the distal equivalents of three AP events (AP3, AN and AP6) are tentatively designated. Finally, the early cluster (7600-4700 yrs BP) comprises 12 layers that contain evidence of a surprising, previously unrecognised, activity of the Mt. Somma-Vesuvius volcano during its supposed period of quiescence, between the major Plinian "Pomici di Mercato" (ca 9000 yrs BP) and "Pomici di Avellino" eruptions. Alternatively, since at present there is no evidence of a similar significant activity in the proximal area of this well-known volcano, a hitherto unknown origin of these tephras cannot be role out. The results of the present study provide new data that enrich our previous knowledge of the Holocene tephrostratigraphy and tephrochronology in central Italy, and a new model for the recent explosive activity of the Peninsular Italy volcanoes and the dispersal of the related pyroclastic deposits.
机译：我们提供了来自意大利中部苏尔莫纳盆地全新世湖沉积物的新地层学记录。全新世演替以发白的钙质泥浆为代表，该泥浆分为两个单元，SUL2（约32 m厚）和SUL1（约8m厚），总厚度约40 m。这些单位对应于Sulmona盆地中公认的六个沉积周期中最年轻的两个周期，这与自中更新世以来的湖泊沉积有关。高度一致的U系列年龄确定和其他时间数据将整个全新世演替限制在BR约8000至1000年之间。这包括一个分隔SUL2和SUL1单元的沉积裂隙，其年代大约在<2800至约2000 BP之间。在SUL2和SUL1单元中分别识别出总共31个和6个蒂法拉层。但是，只有28个蒂弗拉层产生了适用于使用微探针波长色散光谱仪进行化学分析的新鲜微颗粒或玻璃碎片。时间和成分上的限制表明，山中可能有27个灰层。 Somma-Vesuvius全新世的火山活动，以及到纳斯提非拉的伊斯基亚岛喷发（2920 +/- 450 cal yrs BP）。与Mt.兼容的27个灰层。 Somma-Vesuvius活动聚集在三个不同的时间间隔中：从ca 2000到> 1000;从3600到3100;和7600至4700年BP。第一个最年轻的星团由六层组成，与山的强烈爆炸活动有关。索马斯维苏威火山发生在公元79年庞贝大火山喷发之后，但仅暂时地确认了公元472年近普利尼安事件。中间簇（3600-3100 yrs BP）从提夫拉开始，它在化学和时间上与“ Pomici di Avellino”喷发的产物（大约3800 +/- 200 yr BP）相匹配。接下来是另外八层，其中玻璃的化学特征与所谓的“原史”或AP爆发产物的成分相似。但是，仅指定了三个AP事件（AP3，AN和AP6）的远端等效项。最后，早期的星团（7600-4700 BP）包括12层，其中包含Mt的令人惊讶的，以前未被认识的活性的证据。索马-维苏威火山在其静止期期间，处于主要的普利尼期“波米奇·迪·默卡托”（BP 9000年）和“波米奇·迪·阿韦利诺”喷发之间。可替代地，由于目前没有证据表明在这个众所周知的火山的近端区域有类似的显着活动，因此这些特弗拉斯的迄今未知的起源无法发挥作用。本研究的结果提供了新的数据，丰富了我们以前在意大利中部全新世的地层学和年代学的知识，并为意大利半岛最近的火山爆发和相关火山碎屑沉积物的扩散提供了新的模型。

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