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Self-assembly of a double calix[6]arene pseudorotaxane in oriented channels

机译:定向通道中双杯[6]芳烃假轮烷的自组装

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A synthetic study to disclose the more appropriate manner by which two calix[6]arene units could be connected for the construction of an extended tubular structure was undertaken. As a result, a head-to-tail double calix[6]arene having the structure of an oriented nanotube that is about 2.6 nm long and 1.6 nm wide was prepared and characterized. This molecule is able to act as a wheel-type host and forms a supramolecular complex with an axle-type molecule, derived from 4,4'-bipyridinium (viologen), through very efficient self-assembly in solution. The properties of such a pseudorotaxane-type complex, which is stabilized by a combination of noncovalent interactions, were investigated in solution by UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy and voltammetric methods. These observations provide a clue about the location of the bipyridinium unit along the nanotube. In the solid state, the complex undergoes a further stage of self-assembly, thereby initiating extended oriented tubular structures. Crystallographic studies revealed that the positioning of the viologen dication in this asymmetric wheel is addressed by a complicated pattern of cooperative noncovalent intermolecular interactions that involve only one half of the host, whereas the remaining (more polar) half of the host is exploited to create long-range structural order that leads to a "secondary" structure of extended supramolecular channels that, in turn, self-assemble in the lattice, thus giving rise to a "tertiary" structure of parallel sandwiches of nanotubes.
机译:进行了一项综合研究,以揭示可以连接两个杯[6]芳烃单元以构建扩展管状结构的更合适方式。结果,制备并表征了具有取向的纳米管的结构的头对尾双杯[6]芳烃,该纳米管的长度约为2.6nm且宽度为1.6nm。通过在溶液中非常有效的自组装,该分子能够充当轮型宿主,并与衍生自4,4'-联吡啶鎓(紫精)的轴型分子形成超分子复合物。通过紫外/可见吸收光谱和伏安法在溶液中研究了这种通过非共价相互作用稳定的拟轮烷型复合物的性质。这些观察提供了关于联吡啶单元沿着纳米管的位置的线索。在固态下,复合物经历进一步的自组装阶段,从而引发延伸的定向管状结构。晶体学研究表明,紫精药物在该不对称轮中的定位是通过复杂的合作非共价分子间相互作用模式来解决的,该相互作用仅涉及宿主的一半,而剩余的(极性更强)一半被利用以产生较长的-范围的结构顺序导致延伸的超分子通道的“二级”结构,该超分子通道又在晶格中自组装,从而产生纳米管的平行夹心的“三级”结构。

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