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首页> 外文期刊>Chemistry: A European journal >Synthesis of Early-Transition-Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles through the Urea Route and Their Use as Alkylation Catalysts
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Synthesis of Early-Transition-Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles through the Urea Route and Their Use as Alkylation Catalysts

机译：尿素途径合成早期过渡金属碳化物和氮化物纳米粒子及其烷基化催化剂的应用

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The use of urea as either a carbon or a nitrogen source enabled the synthesis of various early-transition-metal nitride and carbide anoparticles (TiN, NbN, Mo2N, W2N,NbCxN1x, Mo2C and WC). The ability of these particles to promote alkylation reactions with alcohols was tested on benzyl alcohol and acetophenone at 150 8C for 20 h in xylene. Group IV and V ceramics proved to be able to catalyse the formation of 1,3-diphenyl propenone, whereas group VI ceramics showed a tendency to promote the Friedel–Crafts-type reaction of benzyl alcohol on xylene (the solvent). TiN featured the highest activity for the alkylation of ketones and was further tested for more difficult alkylations.Group VI ceramics were further investigated as catalysts for the Friedel– Crafts-type alkylation of aromatics with activated alcohols. nterestingly, even hexanol could be effectively used for these reactions.
机译：使用尿素作为碳源或氮源可以合成各种早期过渡金属氮化物和碳化物纳米颗粒（TiN，NbN，Mo2N，W2N，NbCxN1x，Mo2C和WC）。在苄醇和苯乙酮中在二甲苯中于150 8 C下测试20小时，这些颗粒促进了与醇的烷基化反应的能力。事实证明，IV和V组陶瓷能够催化1,3-二苯基丙烯酮的形成，而VI组陶瓷则具有促进苄醇在二甲苯（溶剂）上的Friedel-Crafts型反应的趋势。 TiN具有最高的酮烷基化活性，并经过了更困难的烷基化测试。对VI组陶瓷作了进一步的研究，以其为芳烃与活化醇的Friedel-Crafts型烷基化催化剂。有趣的是，甚至己醇也可以有效地用于这些反应。

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