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首页> 外文期刊>Quantum Matter >The Emergence of Space-Time and Gravity: Entropic or Geometro-Hydrodynamic Process? A Comparison and Critical Review
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The Emergence of Space-Time and Gravity: Entropic or Geometro-Hydrodynamic Process? A Comparison and Critical Review

机译：时空和重力的出现：熵还是地磁水动力过程？比较与评论

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摘要

The unification of Quantum Mechanics (QM) and General Relativity (GR) is doubtless the main goal of contemporary physics. The ability to achieve such a result mainly depends on a deeper understanding of the concepts of space and time. This because, as well known, the meaning and relationship between space and time is very different in GR than in QM. The latest developments in this topic have shown that, in some sense, space could be more fundamental than time, because space might exist first and time arises by observing relations between various processes or physical subsystems as a numerical order of their dynamics. But does space is itself not fundamental? An answer to this question could have very deep consequences for the development of any future physical theory and, in particular, of a possible "Theory of Everything." The thermodynamics of black holes with its noticeable connection between gravity and entropy seems to suggest that gravity, and consequently space as its product, could be not fundamental but emergent from a deeper structure of reality. In this sense, recently, Verlinde has proposed the idea, based on holographic principle, of gravity as an entropic force. This theory, although very impressive, is, as we will see, problematic; an alternative and very interesting view is to consider gravity, as depicted by GR, as the geometro-hydrodynamic limit of some more fundamental theory for the microscopic structure of space-time. Both the theories, however, are for from being complete and satisfactory, because, in particular, they are not be able to characterize the space-time structure at the most fundamental level. In this paper we will analyze the main features of both these approaches, discussing the open questions arising from them, and showing that only a deeper knowledge of the micro-structure of space-time as well as its relationship with quantum vacuum could finally give answer to this so fundamental question.
机译：量子力学（QM）和广义相对论（GR）的统一无疑是当代物理学的主要目标。获得这种结果的能力主要取决于对时空概念的更深刻理解。众所周知，这是因为GR与QM中时空之间的含义和关系非常不同。该主题的最新发展表明，从某种意义上说，空间可能比时间更基本，因为空间可能首先存在，并且通过观察各种过程或物理子系统之间的关系（按其动力学的数值顺序）来产生时间。但是空间本身不是根本吗？这个问题的答案可能对任何未来物理理论的发展，尤其是可能的“万有理论”的发展产生深远的影响。黑洞的热力学及其在引力和熵之间的显着联系似乎表明，引力以及由此产生的空间可能不是基本原理，而是从更深的现实结构中显现出来的。从这个意义上讲，最近，Verlinde根据全息原理提出了将重力作为熵力的想法。我们将看到，这一理论虽然令人印象深刻，但却是有问题的。另一种非常有趣的观点是将重力（如GR所描绘的）视为时空微观结构的一些更基本理论的地质流体动力极限。但是，这两种理论都是出于完整和令人满意的目的，因为特别是它们无法在最基本的层次上描述时空结构。在本文中，我们将分析这两种方法的主要特征，讨论由此产生的开放性问题，并表明只有对时空微观结构及其与量子真空的关系有更深入的了解才能最终给出答案。如此根本的问题。

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