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Elderly visitors of an urban park, health anxiety and individual awareness of nature experiences

机译：城市公园的老年游客，健康焦虑和个人对自然体验的认识

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There is increasing evidence of a positive relation between green spaces in people's living environment and self-reported indicators of physical and mental health. However, to this moment health anxiety has not been contextualized in the light of the restorative and anxiolytic experiences of urban nature nor has it been studied in reference to the awareness of nature experiences. We aimed to determine whether "awareness of nature experiences" was a significant modifier of the beneficial effects of interaction of older citizens with urban green spaces. This construct represents the purposeful and conscious interaction with nature, a specific behaviour pre-formed as a cognitive representation of the "self' in a natural context, providing an internal replica of the previously experienced external natural world which guides people when they choose to visit an urban park. A cross-sectional interview study was conducted amongst 97 elderly visitors of "Tzar Simeon Garden" Park in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. After controlling for "awareness of nature experiences", hierarchical multiple regression model accounted for 94% of the variance in health anxiety. The independent variables "appreciation of bird songs", "appreciation of vegetation", "weekly visits to the park" and "years of visiting the park" remained significant, but their power decreased, and "age" became non-significant predictor. The overall predictive capacity of the model rose significantly after "awareness of nature experiences" was added. In conclusion, health anxiety among Bulgarian elderly adults is somewhat higher than in other similar populations but still does not exceed acceptable levels. The actual interaction and experiences of the park were predictors of health anxiety independent from confounding factors. Their power, however, was to some extent dependent on individual "awareness of nature experiences", which had unique contribution to the model. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
机译：越来越多的证据表明人们生活环境中的绿色空间与自我报告的身心健康指标之间存在正相关关系。然而，到目前为止，尚未根据城市自然的恢复性和抗焦虑性经验来对健康焦虑进行情境化，也未根据对自然体验的认识进行过研究。我们旨在确定“自然体验意识”是否是老年人与城市绿色空间互动的有益影响的重要修正。这种结构代表了与自然的有目的和有意识的互动，一种预先形成的特定行为，是自然环境中“自我”的认知表示，它提供了以前经历过的外部自然世界的内部复制品，当人们选择参观时可以指导人们在保加利亚普罗夫迪夫的“沙皇西蒙花园”公园的97位老年游客中进行了横断面访谈研究，在控制了“自然体验意识”之后，分层多元回归模型占据了94％的方差。健康焦虑：自变量“鸟类鸣叫”，“植被欣赏”，“每周去公园游”和“去公园年数”仍然很重要，但是它们的功效下降了，“年龄”变得不那么重要了。加上“自然体验”后，该模型的整体预测能力显着提高。老年人比其他类似人群要高一些，但仍未超过可接受的水平。公园的实际互动和经验是独立于混杂因素的健康焦虑的预测指标。但是，它们的力量在某种程度上取决于个人的“自然体验意识”，这对模型具有独特的贡献。 （C）2014 Elsevier GmbH。版权所有。

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