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首页> 外文期刊>Urology >Absence of Bacterial Imprints on Struvite-containing Kidney Stones: A Structural Investigation at the Mesoscopic and Atomic Scale
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Absence of Bacterial Imprints on Struvite-containing Kidney Stones: A Structural Investigation at the Mesoscopic and Atomic Scale

机译：含鸟粪石的肾结石上细菌印记的缺失：介观和原子尺度的结构研究。

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OBJECTIVE:Bacterial imprints are always observed on highly carbonated apatite kidney stones but not struvite kidney stones. Struvite and carbonated apatite stones with a high CO_3~(2-)/PO_4~(3-) rate are believed to develop from infections, but their structural differences at the mesoscopic scale lack explanation. METHODS:We investigated 17 urinary calculi composed mainly of struvite or carbonated apatite by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and powder neutron diffraction techniques. RESULTS:Carbonated apatite but not struvite stones showed bacterial imprints. If the same stone contained both carbonated apatite and struvite components, bacterial imprints were observed on the carbonated apatite but not the struvite part. Moreover, neutron powder diffraction experiments revealed the crystal size of struvite stones were larger than that of carbonated apatite stones (250 ± 50 vs 50 nm).CONCLUSION:Bacterial imprints may appear more easily on kidney stones with small nanocrystals, such as carbonated apatite than with large nanocrystals, such as struvite. This approach may help identify bacteria contributing to stone formation, perhaps with negative results of urine culture.
机译：目的：细菌的印记总是在高度碳酸化的磷灰石肾结石上观察到，而不是鸟粪石肾结石。据信感染产生了具有高CO_3〜（2-）/ PO_4〜（3-）率的鸟粪石和碳酸盐磷灰石结石，但它们在介观尺度上的结构差异尚无解释。方法：我们通过傅立叶变换红外，扫描电子显微镜和粉末中子衍射技术研究了17种主要由鸟粪石或碳酸磷灰石组成的尿结石。结果：碳酸盐磷灰石但鸟粪石未见细菌印记。如果同一块石头同时含有碳酸盐磷灰石和鸟粪石成分，则在碳酸盐磷灰石上会观察到细菌印记，而鸟粪石部分则不会。此外，中子粉末衍射实验表明鸟粪石的晶体尺寸大于碳酸盐磷灰石的晶体尺寸（250±50 vs 50 nm）。结论：在具有较小纳米晶体的肾结石上，例如碳酸盐的磷灰石比细菌性的印迹更容易出现具有大型纳米晶体，例如鸟粪石。这种方法可能有助于鉴定导致结石形成的细菌，可能会对尿液培养产生负面影响。

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