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Homoleptic zincate-promoted room-temperature halogen-metal exchange of bromopyridines

机译:均一锌酸盐促进的溴吡啶的室温卤素金属交换

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摘要

Homoleptic lithium tri- and tetraalkyl zincates were reacted with a set of bromopyridines. Efficient and chemoselective bromine-metal exchanges were realized at room temperature with a substoichiometric amount of nBu _4ZnLi_2·TMEDA reagent (1/3 equiv; TMEDA=N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine). This reactivity contrasted with that of tBu_4ZnLi_2·TMEDA, which was inefficient below one equivalent. DFT calculations allowed us to rationalize the formation of N?Li stabilized polypyridyl zincates in the reaction. The one-pot difunctionalization of dibromopyridines was also realized using the reagent stoichiometrically. The direct creation of C-Zn bonds in bromopyridines enabled us to perform efficient Negishi-type cross-couplings. Mild zincation! nBu_4ZnLi_2·TMEDA (in substoichiometric amounts) promoted efficient and chemoselective room-temperature bromine-metal exchange of a range of bromopyridines (see scheme). DFT calculations strongly supported the formation of a stabilized tripyridylzincate, which could be reacted with electrophiles or be directly involved in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions.
机译:使均合的三和四烷基锌酸锂与一组溴吡啶反应。在室温下使用亚化学计量的nBu _4ZnLi_2·TMEDA试剂(1/3当量; TMEDA = N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺)实现了高效的化学选择的溴金属交换。该反应性与tBu_4ZnLi_2·TMEDA的反应性相反,tBu_4ZnLi_2·TMEDA的效率低于1当量。 DFT计算使我们能够合理化反应中N?Li稳定的聚吡啶基锌酸盐的形成。还使用化学计量的试剂实现了二溴吡啶的一锅双功能化。在溴吡啶中直接创建C-Zn键使我们能够进行有效的Negishi型交叉偶联。轻度镀锌! nBu_4ZnLi_2·TMEDA(亚化学计量)促进了一系列溴吡啶的高效和化学选择性的室温溴-金属交换(参见方案)。 DFT计算强有力地支持了稳定的三吡啶基锌酸盐的形成,它可以与亲电试剂反应或直接参与钯催化的交叉偶联反应。

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