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Carbohydrates as the Next Frontier in Pharmaceutical Research

机译:碳水化合物是药物研究的下一个前沿

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Synthetic carbohydrates and glycoconjugates are used to study their roles in biological important processes such as inflammation,cell-cell recognition,immunological response,metastasis,and fertilization.The development of an automated oligosaccharide synthesizer greatly accelerates the assembly of complex,naturally occurring carbohydrates as well as chemically modified oligosaccharide structures and promises to have major impact on the field of glycobiology.Tools such as microarrays,surface plasmon resonance spectros-copy,and fluorescent carbohydrate conjugates to map interactions of carbohydrates in biological systems are presented.Case studies of the successful application of carbohydrates as active agents are discussed,for example,fully synthetic oligosaccharide vaccines to combat tropical diseases (e.g.,malaria),bacterial infections (e.g.,tuberculosis),viral infections such as HIV,and cancer.Aminoglycosides serve as examples of drugs acting through carbohydrate-nucleic-acid interactions,while heparin works by carbohydrate-protein interactions.A general,modular strategy for the complete ste-reoselective synthesis of defined heparin oligosaccha-rides is presented.A carbohydrate-functionalized fluorescent polymer has been shown to detect miniscule amounts of bacteria faster than commonly used methods.
机译:合成碳水化合物和糖缀合物用于研究其在生物学重要过程中的作用,例如炎症,细胞识别,免疫应答,转移和受精。自动寡糖合成仪的开发极大地促进了复杂的天然碳水化合物的组装作为化学修饰的低聚糖结构,有望对糖生物学领域产生重大影响。提出了诸如微阵列,表面等离振子共振光谱和荧光碳水化合物缀合物等工具,以绘制生物系统中碳水化合物的相互作用图。成功应用的案例研究讨论了将多种碳水化合物作为活性剂,例如,用于抵抗热带疾病(例如疟疾),细菌感染(例如结核病),病毒感染(例如HIV)和癌症的完全合成的低聚糖疫苗。氨基糖苷类是通过糖核酸酸相互作用,而肝素则通过碳水化合物与蛋白质的相互作用起作用。提出了一种完整的立体选择性合成定义的肝素寡糖化合物的通用模块化策略。一种经碳水化合物官能化的荧光聚合物能够比常规方法更快地检测微量细菌。使用的方法。

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