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首页> 外文期刊>Plastic and reconstructive surgery >The segmental gastrocnemius muscle flap: anatomical study and clinical applications.
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The segmental gastrocnemius muscle flap: anatomical study and clinical applications.

机译：节段性腓肠肌皮瓣：解剖学研究和临床应用。

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BACKGROUND: The versatility of the gastrocnemius muscle for reconstruction of defects in the knee region from the upper third of the calf to the lower third of the thigh is well known. Possible limitations of this flap include difficulties in covering multiple separate wounds in the same area as well as contour deformity because of the flap bulkiness. The findings in this study extend the versatility of the gastrocnemius muscle flap by splitting each head into two segments allowing for the closure of multiple defects. METHODS: Studied was the vascular anatomy of 15 fresh cadaveric lower extremities. Contrast material was injected into the sural artery and this showed the bifurcation of the pedicle in the upper third of the muscle. A constant intramuscular vascular pattern represented by two main longitudinal branches permitted the safe division of each head. Based on these anatomic studies, segmentation was performed of the gastrocnemius muscle flap in 29 patients. In 13 cases were used, one or two muscle segments and in 16 cases, three muscle segments were transposed. RESULTS: All of the flaps survived. Minor complications, such as wound dehiscence, cellulitis, or hematoma, were encountered in seven patients. Except for one patient with persistent drainage from osteomyelitic bone, all the wounds closed successfully. CONCLUSIONS: The authors report the safe splitting of the distal gastrocnemius muscle in 29 patients based on vascular anatomic studies. The advantages of gastrocnemius segmentation include the possibility of covering multiple defects with less contour deformity.
机译：背景：腓肠肌用于从小腿上半部到大腿下半部重建膝盖区域缺陷的多功能性是众所周知的。该瓣的可能局限性包括由于瓣体积大而难以覆盖同一区域中的多个单独伤口以及轮廓变形。这项研究的发现通过将每个头分成两个部分，从而闭合了多个缺陷，从而扩展了腓肠肌皮瓣的多功能性。方法：研究了15例新鲜尸体下肢的血管解剖。造影剂被注入腓肠动脉，这表明蒂在肌肉的上三分之一处分叉。由两个主要纵向分支代表的恒定的肌内血管模式允许每个头的安全划分。基于这些解剖学研究，对29例腓肠肌皮瓣进行了分割。在13例中使用了一个或两个肌肉段，在16例中使用了三个肌肉段。结果：所有皮瓣均存活。 7名患者遇到了轻微的并发症，例如伤口裂开，蜂窝织炎或血肿。除一名持续从骨髓髓腔引流的患者外，所有伤口均成功闭合。结论：作者报告了基于血管解剖学研究的29例患者远端腓肠肌的安全劈裂。腓肠肌分割的优点包括可以用较少的轮廓变形覆盖多个缺陷。

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