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首页> 外文期刊>Tectonophysics: International Journal of Geotectonics and the Geology and Physics of the Interior of the Earth >Models of lithospheric-scale deformation during plate collision: effects of indentor shape and lithospheric thickness.
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Models of lithospheric-scale deformation during plate collision: effects of indentor shape and lithospheric thickness.

机译：板块碰撞过程中岩石圈尺度变形的模型：压头形状和岩石圈厚度的影响。

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摘要

Analogue models designed to test the effects of lithosphere thickness and indentor shape during continental collision indicate that strength and density differences between lithosphere types control structural vergence during collision. Models presented here include layers of putty and sand to form four-, three- and two-layer lithosphere types (craton, are and oceanic equivalent), respectively, which collide during unidirectional shortening. In most cases, the stronger, thicker four-layer lithosphere does not deform, but simply acts to bulldoze weaker material aside. Deformation, concentrated in the thinnest layers, consistently Verges away from the indenting continent, irrespective of indentor shape. Lateral (strike-slip component) deformation occurs in the early stages of most models, even with simple unidirectional shortening, and is enhanced by highly oblique indentor shapes. The effects of extrusion during collision, tested by repeating models with and without a free edge, which allows extrusion, consistently indicate that with the ability to extrude, structures are smaller and more numerous. Without extrusion, fewer, larger structures tend to develop. Two geological examples, from the Precambrian part of the Tasman orogenic belt and the modern-day collision at the leading edge of Australia, illustrate aspects of the models. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 26]
机译：设计用于测试大陆碰撞过程中岩石圈厚度和压头形状影响的模拟模型表明，岩石圈类型之间的强度和密度差异控制着碰撞过程中的结构收敛。这里介绍的模型包括油灰层和砂层，分别形成四层，三层和两层岩石圈类型（克拉通，阿里和海洋等效物），它们在单向缩短过程中发生碰撞。在大多数情况下，更坚固，更厚的四层岩石圈不会变形，而只是起到将较弱材料抛开的作用。变形集中在最薄的层中，无论压头形状如何，都始终远离压痕大陆。在大多数模型的早期，即使是简单的单向缩短，也发生横向变形（冲击-滑移分量），而高度倾斜的压头形状会加剧这种变形。通过重复模型的碰撞（在有和没有自由边缘的情况下进行测试）可以验证碰撞过程中的挤压效果，一致地表明，具有挤压能力的结构更小，数量更多。如果不挤出，则倾向于形成更少，更大的结构。塔斯曼造山带前寒武纪部分和澳大利亚前缘的现代碰撞这两个地质实例说明了模型的各个方面。 （C）2000 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。 [参考：26]

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