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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Soil Science >Long-term changes in soil salinity as influenced by subsoil thickness in a reclaimed coal mine in east-central Alberta
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Long-term changes in soil salinity as influenced by subsoil thickness in a reclaimed coal mine in east-central Alberta

机译：在亚伯达省中东部的一个再生煤矿中，土壤盐分的长期变化受地下土壤厚度的影响

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摘要

Elevated salinity and sodicity are major challenges to reclamation of surface-mined coal sites in the Alberta Plains region. Research plots were established in 1981 at the Battle River Coal Mine near Forestburg, AB, to determine an optimum depth of subsoil replacement over sodic mine spoil required to sustain agricultural capability. Subsoil thickness was varied at 0, 25, 65, 135, 165 and 335 cm, overlain with 15 cm topsoil. The plots were monitored annually from 1982 to 1986 and were seeded to forage from 1987. Plots were resampled in 2013 to examine long-term changes in soil quality by comparing the results with the historical means for the 1980s. Key soil parameters measured are pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved salts (TDS), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and soluble Na. The soil quality of the root zone (0-40 cm) improved over time in all treatments as EC, TDS, SAR and concentration of Na decreased significantly between the 1980s and 2013. Amounts of EC and soluble Na consistently increased with depth, suggesting salt accumulation was predominantly by downward leaching, but with contribution by upward migration of Na from the underlying spoil. Relative to the native soils in 2013, the root zone quality ratings for EC and SAR in the topsoil/spoil treatment were better than in the shallow-bedrock Solonetzic soil. Ratings for the 25-cm subsoil treatment were also comparable with the local Chernozemic soil, but better than the fine till Solonetzic soil. This study demonstrates that a minimum of 25 cm subsoil and 15 cm topsoil are required for mitigating salinity and sodicity in these reconstructed soils. The resampling in 2013 demonstrates that long-term monitoring is essential to obtain a better understanding of reclamation outcomes.
机译：盐度和碱度的升高是艾伯塔平原地区露天开采煤场开垦的主要挑战。 1981年在AB森林堡附近的巴特尔河煤矿建立了研究用地，以确定维持农业生产能力所需的苏打矿渣的最佳土壤替代深度。底土的厚度在0、25、65、135、165和335厘米处变化，上面覆盖着15厘米的表土。从1982年到1986年，每年对这些样地进行监测，并从1987年开始对其进行播种。2013年，对样地进行了重新采样，通过将结果与1980年代的历史平均值进行比较，研究了土壤质量的长期变化。测得的关键土壤参数为pH，电导率（EC），总溶解盐（TDS），钠吸附率（SAR）和可溶性Na。在1980年代至2013年之间，随着EC，TDS，SAR和Na浓度的显着降低，在所有处理中，根区的土壤质量（0-40 cm）随时间改善。EC和可溶性Na的含量随深度的增加而持续增加，表明盐分积累主要是通过向下浸出，但由于Na从下层弃土中向上迁移而造成的。相对于2013年的原生土壤，表土/弃土处理中EC和SAR的根区质量等级要好于浅层基体Solonetzic土壤。 25厘米深层土壤处理的等级也与当地的切诺兹米奇土壤相当，但比细粒的松果质土壤更好。这项研究表明，在这些重建的土壤中，至少需要25 cm的底土和15 cm的表土才能减轻盐分和碱度。 2013年的重新抽样表明，长期监测对于更好地了解填海成果至关重要。

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