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首页> 外文期刊>Technovation: The International Journal of Technological Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Technology Management >Contributing to markets for technology? A comparison of patent filing motives of individual inventors, small companies and universities
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Contributing to markets for technology? A comparison of patent filing motives of individual inventors, small companies and universities

机译：为技术市场做出贡献？个人发明者，小公司和大学的专利申请动机比较

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摘要

We compare patenting motives of individual inventors, small firms, and universities to those of large firms. We use data from a survey (641 responses) among applicants at the European Patent Office. Our results from regression and factor analyses confirm significant differences among applicant types. The generation of licensing opportunities is rated as being more important if the applicant is a university, individual inventor or small firm. Blocking and prevention of imitation is rated as being less important if the applicant is a university. We interpret that this finding results from the universities' willingness to license under adequate conditions and their tendency not to use their patents for preventing the diffusion of their technology and its usage by others. Individual inventors and small firms place a higher importance on using patents as signals to investors, suggesting that patents are perceived as useful to secure access to the capital necessary to start or grow a business. Among all applicant groups, individual inventors attribute the most importance to blocking as a patent filing motive. This gives cause for concern because individuals who do not manufacture products on their own but, rather, use their patents to block others from production act as patent trolls.
机译：我们将个人发明者，小型企业和大学的专利动机与大型企业的专利动机进行了比较。我们使用来自欧洲专利局申请人调查的数据（共641条回复）。我们从回归分析和因子分析得出的结果证实了申请人类型之间的显着差异。如果申请人是大学，个人发明家或小型公司，则许可机会的产生被认为更为重要。如果申请人是大学，则阻止和防止模仿被认为不太重要。我们认为，这一发现是由于大学在适当条件下的许可意愿以及他们倾向于不使用其专利来防止其技术的传播及其被他人使用的趋势所致。个人发明家和小公司更加重视使用专利作为向投资者发出信号的信号，这表明专利被认为有助于确保获得启动或发展企业所需的资金。在所有申请者群体中，个人发明者将阻止作为专利申请动机最为重要。这引起了人们的关注，因为那些不自行生产产品而是利用自己的专利来阻止他人生产的个人充当了专利巨魔。

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