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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Zoology >Morphological and molecular identification of Saccoglossus species (Hemichordata : Harrimaniidae) in the Pacific Northwest
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Morphological and molecular identification of Saccoglossus species (Hemichordata : Harrimaniidae) in the Pacific Northwest

机译：西北太平洋地区弧菌属（Smicoglossus）种（形态学：Harrimaniidae）的形态和分子鉴定

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摘要

Hemichordates, especially enteropneust worms, have become increasingly important in phylogenetic studies to test theories of chordate evolution. However, there are many populations of enteropneusts along the Pacific Northwest coast of North America that have not been identified. Here we show that two common Pacific Northwest enteropneust species, Saccoglossus pusillus and Saccoglossus bromophenolosus, can be distinguished by both morphological and molecular characters, and we identify several populations of both species. We compare them with a closely related species, Saccoglossus kowalevskii, from the Atlantic coast of North America. We compile the morphological characters used to distinguish harrimaniid enteropneusts, and we describe a new staining method to examine the gill bars and proboscis skeleton of enteropneusts to aid in identification. Using 18S and 16S ribosomal DNA sequences, we determine that the range of S. pusillus extends from southern California, where the worm was first identified, to southern Canada. This previously unknown large range shows a dramatic geographic cline in adult body size, with the smallest populations found in the south and the largest adults near Vancouver Island. In contrast, S. bromophenolosus may be a Pacific Northwest species that was relatively recently introduced from the Atlantic Ocean.
机译：在系统发育研究中，对半绒毛虫，特别是肠蠕虫蠕虫，变得越来越重要，以测试其对绒毛虫的进化理论。但是，尚未发现北美西北太平洋沿岸的许多肠病人群。在这里，我们显示了西北太平洋两个常见的肠球菌物种Saccoglossus pusillus和Saccoglossus bromophenolosus可以通过形态和分子特征来区分，并且我们确定了这两种物种的几个种群。我们将它们与来自北美大西洋沿岸的近缘物种Saccoglossus kowalevskii进行了比较。我们汇编了用于区分harrimaniid肠鼻膜的形态学特征，并描述了一种新的染色方法来检查肠鼻膜的刺杆和长鼻骨架，以帮助鉴定。使用18S和16S核糖体DNA序列，我们确定脓毒链球菌的范围从首次发现蠕虫的加利福尼亚南部延伸到加拿大南部。这个以前不为人知的大范围显示出成年人的体形具有巨大的地理优势，南部的人口最少，温哥华岛附近的成年人最多。相反，溴酚链球菌可能是西北太平洋的一种物种，最近才从大西洋引入。

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