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Tsunami Observations in Rivers from a Perspective of Tsunami Interaction with Tide and Riverine Flow

机译:从海啸与潮汐和河流水流相互作用的角度看河流中的海啸观测

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摘要

The observations of the 2011 Tohoku tsunami and the 2010 Chilean tsunami in several rivers in Japan and in the Columbia River in the USA are analyzed for patterns of tsunami behavior in river environments. Tsunamis in rivers exhibit actions very different from those observed on an open coast, but very similar among different rivers, though the action scale in different rivers varies greatly. We describe two tsunami effects in rivers as observed in field data. First, the river tide modulates the tsunami wave in a very specific way common to all rivers. Second, a strong near-field tsunami can cause significant prolonged water accumulation in lower river reaches. Both effects are inherent in tidal river environments, and have been reproduced numerically in a simplified 1-D river using a non-linear, shallow-water model with bottom friction. The numerical experiments highlight the indispensable role of a tsunami's interaction with tide and riverine flow.
机译:分析了在日本多条河流和美国哥伦比亚河中2011年东北海啸和2010年智利海啸的观测结果,以了解河流环境中的海啸行为模式。河流中的海啸表现出与在沿海地区观察到的行为截然不同的动作,但是在不同河流中的动作却非常相似,尽管不同河流中的动作尺度差异很大。如实地数据所示,我们描述了河流中的两种海啸影响。首先,河潮以所有河流共有的非常特定的方式调制海啸波。其次,强烈的近场海啸会导致下游河段长时间的大量积水。两种影响都是潮汐河川环境中固有的,并且已使用具有底部摩擦力的非线性浅水模型在简化的一维河川中进行了数值重现。数值实验突显了海啸与潮汐和河流流动相互作用的不可或缺的作用。

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