• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Pure and Applied Geophysics >Coastal Impacts of the March 11th Tohoku, Japan Tsunami in the Galapagos Islands
【24h】

Coastal Impacts of the March 11th Tohoku, Japan Tsunami in the Galapagos Islands

机译：3月11日，日本东北海啸对加拉巴哥群岛的沿海影响

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

On March 11, 2011 at 5:46:23 UTC (March 10 11:46:23 PM Galapagos Local Time), the M_w 9.0 Great East Japan Earthquake occurred near the Tohoku region off the east coast of Japan, spawning a Pacific-wide tsunami. Approximately 12,000 km away, the Galapagos Islands experienced moderate tsunami impacts, including flooding, structural damage, and strong currents. In this paper, we present observations and measurements of the tsunami effects in the Galapagos, focusing on the four largest islands in the archipelago; (from west to east) Isabela, Santiagio, Santa Cruz, and San Cristobal. Access to the tsunami affected areas was one of the largest challenges of the field survey. Aside from approximately ten sandy beaches open to tourists, all other shoreline locations are restricted to anyone without a research permit; open cooperation with the Galapagos National Park provided the survey team complete access to the Islands coastlines. Survey locations were guided by numerical simulations of the tsunami performed prior to the field work. This numerical guidance accurately predicted the regions of highest impact, as well as regions of relatively low impact. Tide-corrected maximum tsunami heights were generally in the range of 3-4 m with the highest runup of 6 m measured in a small pocket beach on Isla Isabela. Puerto Ayora, on Santa Cruz Island, the largest harbor in the Galapagos experienced significant flooding and damage to structures located at the shoreline. A current meter moored inside the harbor recorded relatively weak tsunami currents of less than 0.3 m/s (0.6 knot) during the event. Comparisons with detailed numerical simulations suggest that these low current speed observations are most likely the result of data averaging at 20-min intervals and that maximum instantaneous current speeds were considerably larger. Currents in the Canal de Itabaca, a natural waterway between Santa Cruz Island and a smaller island offshore, were strong enough to displace multiple 5.5-ton navigation buoys. Numerical simulations indicate that currents in the Canal de Itabaca exceeded 4 m/s (~8 knots), a very large flow speed for a navigational waterway.
机译：2011年3月11日世界标准时间（3月10日11:46:23 PM加拉帕戈斯当地时间），M_w 9.0级东日本大地震发生在日本东海岸附近的东北地区附近，产生了整个太平洋海啸。加拉帕戈斯群岛大约在12,000公里外，遭受了中等程度的海啸影响，包括洪水，结构破坏和强流。在本文中，我们将对加拉帕戈斯群岛的海啸影响进行观测和测量，重点是群岛上的四个最大岛屿。 （从西向东）伊莎贝拉（Isabela），桑蒂焦（Santiagio），圣克鲁斯（Santa Cruz）和圣克里斯托瓦尔（San Cristobal）。进入海啸灾区是实地调查的最大挑战之一。除了向游客开放的约十个沙滩外，所有其他海岸线的地点都限于未经研究许可的任何人;与加拉帕戈斯国家公园的开放合作为调查小组提供了进入群岛海岸线的完整通道。在实地工作之前，通过海啸的数值模拟来指导调查地点。该数字指南准确地预测了影响最大的区域以及影响相对较小的区域。潮汐校正后的最大海啸高度通常在3-4 m范围内，在Isla Isabela上的一个小口袋海滩上测得的最高跳动为6 m。位于加拉帕戈斯群岛最大港口圣克鲁斯岛的阿约拉港（Puerto Ayora）遭受了严重的洪灾，并破坏了海岸线上的建筑物。事件发生时，停泊在海港内的水表记录了相对较弱的海啸电流，小于0.3 m / s（0.6结）。与详细数值模拟的比较表明，这些低电流速度的观测值很可能是以20分钟为间隔进行数据平均的结果，并且最大瞬时电流速度要大得多。位于圣克鲁斯岛和较小的离岸岛屿之间的天然水道伊塔巴卡运河的水流足够强，可以取代多个5.5吨的航海浮标。数值模拟表明，伊塔巴卡运河的水流超过4 m / s（约8节），这对于航行水道来说是非常大的流速。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号