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首页> 外文期刊>Pure and Applied Geophysics >Erosion and Sedimentation from the 17 July, 1998 Papua New Guinea Tsunami
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Erosion and Sedimentation from the 17 July, 1998 Papua New Guinea Tsunami

机译：1998年7月17日以来的侵蚀和沉积作用巴布亚新几内亚海啸

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This paper describes erosion and sedimentation associated with the 17 July 1998 Papua New Guinea tsunami. Observed within two months of the tsunami, distinct deposits of a layer averaging 8-cm thick of gray sand rested on a brown muddy soil. In most cases the sand is normally graded, with more coarse sand near the base and fine sand at the top. In some cases the deposit contains rip-up clasts of muddy soil and in some locations it has a mud cap. Detailed measurements of coastal topography, tsunami flow height and direction indicators, and deposit thickness were made in the field, and samples of the deposit were collected for grain-size analysis in the laboratory. Four shore-normal transects were examined in detail to assess the shore-normal and along shore distribution of the tsunami deposit. Near the shoreline, the tsunami eroded approximately 10-25 cm of sand from the beach and berm. The sandy layer deposited by the tsunami began 50-150 m inland from the shoreline and extended across the coastal plain to within about 40 m of the limit of inundation; a total distance of up to 750 m from the beach. As much as 2/3 of the sand in the deposit originated from offshore. Across most of the coastal plain the deposit thickness and mean grain size varied little. In the along-shore direction the deposit thickness varied with the tsunami wave height; both largest near the entrance to Sissano Lagoon.
机译：本文描述了与1998年7月17日巴布亚新几内亚海啸有关的侵蚀和沉积。在海啸后的两个月内观察到，平均一层8厘米厚的灰沙层明显沉积在褐色的泥土上。在大多数情况下，沙子通常是分级的，底部较粗，顶部较细。在某些情况下，沉积物含有泥土的碎屑，并且在某些位置具有泥盖。在野外对海岸地形，海啸流量高度和方向指示符以及沉积物厚度进行了详细的测量，并收集了沉积物样本用于实验室的粒度分析。详细检查了四个海岸常态样带，以评估海啸沉积物的海岸常态和沿海岸的分布。在海岸线附近，海啸从海滩和堤岸侵蚀了大约10-25厘米的沙子。海啸沉积的沙层从海岸线向内陆开始50-150 m，并延伸到整个沿海平原，直至淹没极限的40 m之内。与海滩的总距离最大为750 m。矿床中多达2/3的沙子来自近海。在大多数沿海平原上，沉积物厚度和平均粒径变化不大。在沿海地区，沉积物厚度随海啸波高而变化;两者都是在Sissano泻湖入口附近最大的。

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