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Puhimau thermal area: A window into the upper East Rift Zone of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii?

机译:普希莫热区:通往夏威夷基拉韦厄火山上东裂谷区的窗户吗?

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摘要

We report the results of two soil CO2 efflux surveys by the closed chamber circulation method at the Puhimau thermal area in the upper East Rift Zone (ERZ) of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii. The surveys were undertaken in 1996 and 1998 to constrain how much CO2 might be reaching the ERZ after degassing beneath the summit caldera and whether the Puhimau thermal area might be a significant contributor to the overall CO2 budget of Kilauea. The area was revisited in 2001 to determine the effects of surface disturbance on efflux values by the collar emplacement technique utilized in the earlier surveys. Utilizing a cutoff value of 50 g m(-2) d(-1) for the surrounding forest background efflux, the CO2 emission rates for the anomaly at Puhimau thermal area were 27 t d(-1) in 1996 and 17 t d(-1) in 1998. Water vapor was removed before analysis in all cases in order to obtain CO2 values on a dry air basis and mitigate the effect of water vapor dilution on the measurements. It is clear that Puhimau thermal area is not a significant contributor to Kilauea's CO2 output and that most of Kilauea's CO2 ( 8500 t d(-1)) is degassed at the summit, leaving only magma with its remaining stored volatiles, such as SO2, for injection down the ERZ. Because of the low CO2 emission rate and the presence of a shallow water table in the upper ERZ that effectively scrubs SO2 and other acid gases, Puhimau thermal area currently does not appear to be generally well suited for observing temporal changes in degassing at Kilauea.
机译:我们报告了在夏威夷基拉韦厄火山上东裂谷带(ERZ)的Puhimau热区中,通过密闭室循环法进行的两次土壤CO2外排调查的结果。这些调查是在1996年和1998年进行的,目的是限制在顶峰破火山口下方进行除气后,可能有多少二氧化碳进入ERZ,以及Puhimau热量区是否可能对基拉韦厄的总体CO2预算起重要作用。 2001年对该区域进行了重新研究,以通过早期调查中使用的套环放置技术确定表面扰动对外排量的影响。利用周围森林本底外流的临界值为50 gm(-2)d(-1),1996年,Puhimau热区异常的CO2排放速率为27 td(-1)和17 td(-1) 1998年。在所有情况下进行分析之前都要除去水蒸气,以便获得基于干燥空气的CO2值,并减轻水蒸气稀释对测量的影响。显然,Puhimau的热区对基拉韦厄的二氧化碳排放量贡献不大,基拉韦厄的大部分二氧化碳(8500 td(-1))在峰顶被除气,仅剩下岩浆及其剩余的挥发性挥发物,例如二氧化硫。注入ERZ。由于低的CO2排放速率以及ERZ上部的浅水区有效地净化了SO2和其他酸性气体,Puhimau热区目前似乎通常不适合观测基拉韦厄脱气的时间变化。

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