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Heat strain during military training activities:The dilemma of balancing force protection and operational capability

机译：军事训练活动中的热应力：平衡力保护和作战能力的困境

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Military activities in hot environments pose 2 competing demands: the requirement to perform realistic training to develop operational capability with the necessity to protect armed forces personnel against heat-related illness. To ascertain whether work duration limits for protection against heat-related illness restrict military activities, this study examined the heat strain and risks of heat-related illness when conducting a military activity above the prescribed work duration limits. Thirty-seven soldiers conducted a march (10 km; ~5.5 km h-1) carrying 41.8 ± 3.6 kg of equipment in 23.1 ± 1.8°C wet-bulb globe temperature. Body core temperature was recorded throughout and upon completion, or withdrawal, participants rated their severity of heat-related symptoms. Twenty-three soldiers completed the march in 107 ± 6.4 min (Completers); 9 were symptomatic for heat exhaustion, withdrawing after 71.6 ± 10.1 min (Symptomatic); and five were removed for body core temperature above 39.0°C (Hyperthermic) after 58.4 ± 4.5 min. Body core temperature was significantly higher in the Hyperthermic (39.03 ± 0.26°C), than Symptomatic (38.34 ± 0.44°C; P = 0.007) and Completers (37.94 ± 0.37°C; P<0.001) after 50 min. Heat-related symptom severity was significantly higher among Symptomatic (28.4 ± 11.8) compared to Completers (15.0 ± 9.8, P - 0.006) and Hyperthermic (13.0 ± 9.6, P = 0.029). The force protection provided by work duration limits may be preventing the majority of personnel from conducting activities in hot environments, thereby constraining a commander's mandate to develop an optimised military force. The dissociation between heat-related symptoms and body core temperature elevation suggests that the physiological mechanisms underpinning exhaustion during exertional heat stress should be re-examined to determine the most appropriate physiological criteria for prescribing work duration limits.
机译：在炎热环境中的军事活动提出了两个相互竞争的要求：要求进行现实的训练以发展作战能力，并有必要保护武装部队人员免受与热有关的疾病。为了确定预防与热有关的疾病的工作时限是否限制了军事活动，本研究检查了在规定的工作期限以上进行军事活动时的热紧张和与热有关的疾病的风险。 37名士兵在21.3±1.8°C的湿球地球温度下进行了41.8±3.6千克的装备的行军（10公里;〜5.5公里h-1）。在整个过程中以及完成或戒断后记录体温，参与者对他们与热相关症状的严重程度进行了评估。 23名士兵在107±6.4分钟（完成者）中完成了进军; 9例有热衰竭症状，在71.6±10.1分钟（有症状）后退出。 58.4±4.5分钟后，取出5个用于体温超过39.0°C（体温过高）的人体。在50分钟后，热疗（39.03±0.26°C）中的体芯温度显着高于对症（38.34±0.44°C; P = 0.007）和完全剂（37.94±0.37°C; P <0.001）。有症状的热相关症状严重程度在有症状的（28.4±11.8）中显着高于完成者（15.0±9.8，P-0.006）和高温（13.0±9.6，P = 0.029）。工作持续时间限制提供的部队保护可能会阻止大多数人员在炎热的环境中进行活动，从而限制了指挥官发展最佳军事力量的任务。与热有关的症状与体温升高之间的联系表明，应重新检查支撑劳累性热应激时疲惫的生理机制，以确定最合适的生理标准来规定工作时间限制。

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