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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Zoology >Natural otolith microstructure patterns reveal precise homing to natalincubation sites by sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)
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Natural otolith microstructure patterns reveal precise homing to natalincubation sites by sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

机译：天然的耳石微结构模式揭示了红鲑鱼（Oncorhynchus nerka）精确归巢到产卵孵化位点。

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Experimental results suggest that anadromous salmon and trout learn (imprint) the odors of their natal site just prior to or during seaward migration. In contrast, information on the life histories of several species and the genetic structure of populations indicate that they must imprint earlier in life, probably during incubation in the gravel or when they emerge as free-swimming fry. To test the hypothesis that sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) home to their incubation-emergence sites (rather than just to the lake where they reared before migrating to sea), we took advantage of the natural variation in otolith microstructure caused by differences in thermal regimes during incubation. We collected otoliths from adult sockeye salmon that returned to discrete spawning areas in Iliamna Lake, Alaska, and Lake Washington, Washington, and, in blind trials, these were classified based on comparison with otoliths from juveniles from the same sites and using information on site-specific thermal regimes. Our analysis showed that the salmon were much more likely to return to their natal incubation site than would have occurred by chance. Estimated straying rates were about 0.1% from the Woody Island population to the Pedro Pond population in Iliamna Lake and about 1% from the Cedar River population to the Pleasure Point population in Lake Washington. The results were consistent with genetic evidence for fine-scale structure of salmon populations and with conservation based on spatial scales appropriate for the early life history of the fish.
机译：实验结果表明，恰到好处的鲑鱼和鳟鱼会在向海迁徙之前或之中学习（烙印）其产地的气味。相反，有关几种物种的生活史和种群遗传结构的信息表明，它们必须在生命的早期留下烙印，可能是在砾石中孵化期间或当它们以自由游动的形式出现时。为了检验红鲑鱼（Oncorhynchus nerka）是其孵化场所在地（而不是迁移到大海之前在其养殖的湖泊的所在地）的假说，我们利用了热态差异导致的耳石微结构的自然变化在孵化期间。我们从成年的红鲑鱼中收集了耳石，这些鲑鱼返回了阿拉斯加的伊利亚姆纳湖和华盛顿湖的离散产卵区，并且在盲目试验中，将它们与来自同一地点的幼鱼的耳石进行了比较，并使用了现场信息进行分类。特定的热态。我们的分析表明，与偶然发生的情况相比，鲑鱼更有可能返回其孵化场。估计伊利亚姆纳湖的伍迪岛人口到佩德罗池塘人口的流浪率约为0.1％，华盛顿湖的雪松河人口到游乐点人口的流浪率约为1％。该结果与鲑鱼种群精细结构的遗传证据以及基于适合鱼类早期生活史的空间尺度的保护相一致。

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