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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Zoology >Surviving on cached foods - the energetics of egg-caching by arctic foxes
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Surviving on cached foods - the energetics of egg-caching by arctic foxes

机译：在缓存食品中生存-北极狐狸孵蛋的能量学

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Food-caching by arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus (L., 1758)) is a behavioural adaptation thought to increase winter survival, especially in bird colonies where a large number of eggs can be cached during a short nesting season. In this paper, we measured the energy content of greater snow goose (Chen caerulescens atlantica Kennard, 1927) eggs and evaluated their perishability when cached in tundra soil for a whole summer. We estimated that eggs lost only similar to 8% of their dry mass over 60adays of storage in the ground. We used published estimates on digestibility of nutrients by arctic foxes to estimate that fresh and stored goose eggs contained 816 and 730 kJ of metabolizable energy, respectively, a difference of 11%. Using information on arctic fox energetics, we evaluated that 145 stored eggs were required to sustain the growth of one pup from the age of 1 to 3amonths (nutritional independence). Moreover, 23 stored eggs were energetically equivalent to the average fat deposit of an arctic fox during winter. Finally, we calculated that an adult arctic fox would need to recover 160-220 stored eggs to survive 6amonths in resting conditions during cold winter temperatures. This value increased to 480 when considering activity cost. Based on egg acquisition and caching rates observed in many goose colonies, we conclude that cached eggs represent an important source of energy relative to the needs of an arctic fox during winter, and have thus a high fitness value.
机译：北极狐（Vulpes lagopus（L.，1758））捕食是一种行为适应，被认为可以提高冬季生存率，特别是在鸟类群体中，在短的筑巢季节可以捕捞大量卵。在本文中，我们测量了较大的雪雁蛋（Chen caerulescens atlantica Kennard，1927年）的能量含量，并评估了整个夏季在冻原土壤中贮藏时的易腐性。我们估计，在地下储存60天后，鸡蛋的损失仅占其干燥质量的8％左右。我们使用已发布的北极狐对养分消化率的估计来估计新鲜和储存的鹅卵分别含有816和730 kJ的代谢能，相差11％。使用有关北极狐狸能量的信息，我们评估了从1个月到3个月（营养独立性）年龄需要维持145个卵来维持一只幼崽的生长。此外，冬季储存的23个鸡蛋在能量上相当于北极狐的平均脂肪沉积量。最后，我们计算出，成年的北极狐需要恢复160-220个储存的卵，才能在寒冷的冬季温度下在静止条件下存活6个月。考虑活动成本时，该值增加到480。根据在许多鹅群中观察到的卵收购和缓存率，我们得出结论，相对于冬季北极狐的需求，缓存的卵是一种重要的能量来源，因此具有很高的适用性。

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