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首页> 外文期刊>The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene >Spatial patterns of Lyme disease risk in California based on disease incidence data and modeling of vector-tick exposure.
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Spatial patterns of Lyme disease risk in California based on disease incidence data and modeling of vector-tick exposure.

机译：基于疾病发病率数据和矢量t虫暴露模型，加利福尼亚州的莱姆病风险空间格局。

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摘要

Ixodes pacificus, particularly the nymphal life stage, is the primary vector to humans of the Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi in California. During 2004, we collected I. pacificus nymphs from 78 woodland sites in ecologically diverse Mendocino County, which has a moderately high incidence of Lyme disease. Within this county, nymphal density was elevated in forested areas with a growing degree day range of 2,600-3,000 (10 degrees C base). Using a geographic information systems approach, we identified all areas in California sharing these environmental characteristics and thus projected to pose high acarologic risk of exposure to host-seeking nymphal ticks. Such areas were most commonly detected in the northwestern part of the state and along the Sierra Nevada foothills in the northeast, but the analysis also identified isolated areas with high acarologic risk in southern California. This mirrors the spatial distribution of endemic Lyme disease during 1993-2005; most cases occurred in counties tothe northwest (58%) or northeast (26%), whereas fewer cases were reported from southern California (16%). Southern zip-codes from which Lyme disease cases had been reported were commonly located in close proximity to areas with high projected acarologic risk. Overall, Lyme disease incidence in zip code areas containing habitat with high projected acarologic risk was 10-fold higher than in zip code areas lacking such habitat and 27 times higher than for zip code areas without this habitat type within 50 km. A comparison of spatial Lyme disease incidence patterns based on county versus zip code units showed that calculating and displaying disease incidence at the zip code scale is a useful method to detect small, isolated areas with elevated disease risk that otherwise may go undetected.
机译：凤仙花，特别是若虫的生命阶段，是加利福尼亚州莱姆病病原体伯氏疏螺旋体对人类的主要载体。 2004年，我们从生态多样的门多西诺县的78个林地中收集了太平洋若虫（I. pacificus）若虫，该县的莱姆病发病率中等。在该县内，若林地区的若虫密度升高，日生长范围为2600-3000（10摄氏度）。使用地理信息系统方法，我们确定了加利福尼亚所有具有这些环境特征的区域，因此预计将对暴露于寄主寻求若虫的壁虱造成很高的航空学风险。在该州的西北部和东北部的内华达山脉山麓一带，最常见的区域是此类区域，但分析还确定了在加利福尼亚南部地区具有高致癌风险的孤立区域。这反映了1993-2005年期间地方性莱姆病的空间分布;大多数病例发生在西北（58％）或东北（26％）的县，而加利福尼亚南部报道的病例较少（16％）。据报道发生莱姆病病例的南部邮政编码通常都位于具有较高预计心血管疾病风险的地区。总体而言，邮政编码区域中包含具有高预计的致癌风险的栖息地的莱姆病发病率比没有此类栖息地的邮政编码区域高10倍，比50公里以内没有这种栖息地类型的邮政编码区域高27倍。根据县和邮政编码单位对空间莱姆病发病率模式进行的比较表明，以邮政编码范围计算和显示疾病发病率是一种有用的方法，可以检测出疾病风险高的小而孤立的区域，否则这些疾病可能就不会被发现。

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