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首页> 外文期刊>The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene >The economic burden of malaria.
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The economic burden of malaria.

机译：疟疾的经济负担。

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摘要

Malaria and poverty are intimately connected. Controlling for factors such as tropical location, colonial history, and geographical isolation, countries with intensive malaria had income levels in 1995 of only 33% that of countries without malaria, whether or not the countries were in Africa. The high levels of malaria in poor countries are not mainly a consequence of poverty. Malaria is geographically specific. The ecological conditions that support the more efficient malaria mosquito vectors primarily determine the distribution and intensity of the disease. Intensive efforts to eliminate malaria in the most severely affected tropical countries have been largely ineffective. Countries that have eliminated malaria in the past half century have all been either subtropical or islands. These countries' economic growth in the 5 years after eliminating malaria has usually been substantially higher than growth in the neighboring countries. Cross-country regressions for the 1965-1990 period confirm the relationship between malaria and economic growth. Taking into account initial poverty, economic policy, tropical location, and life expectancy, among other factors, countries with intensive malaria grew 1.3% less per person per year, and a 10% reduction in malaria was associated with 0.3% higher growth. Controlling for many other tropical diseases does not change the correlation of malaria with economic growth, and these diseases are not themselves significantly negatively correlated with economic growth. A second independent measure of malaria has a slightly higher correlation with economic growth in the 1980-1996 period. We speculate about the mechanisms that could cause malaria to have such a large impact on the economy, such as foreign investment and economic networks within the country.
机译：疟疾与贫穷紧密相连。在控制热带地区，殖民历史和地理隔离等因素之后，疟疾密集国家在1995年的收入水平仅是没有疟疾国家的33％，无论这些国家是否在非洲。贫穷国家的高疟疾主要不是贫穷造成的。疟疾是特定地区的。支持更有效的疟疾蚊媒的生态条件主要决定了疾病的分布和强度。在受影响最严重的热带国家，为消除疟疾而付出的努力在很大程度上没有效果。在过去的半个世纪中消除了疟疾的国家都成为亚热带或岛屿。这些国家在消除疟疾后的5年中的经济增长通常大大高于邻国的增长。 1965年至1990年的跨国回归证实了疟疾与经济增长之间的关系。考虑到最初的贫困，经济政策，热带地区和预期寿命等因素，疟疾密集国家的人均年增长率下降了1.3％，而疟疾减少10％则使增长率提高了0.3％。控制许多其他热带疾病并不会改变疟疾与经济增长之间的相关性，而且这些疾病本身与经济增长之间并没有显着的负相关性。在1980-1996年期间，第二项独立的疟疾衡量指标与经济增长之间的相关性略高。我们推测可能导致疟疾对经济产生如此巨大影响的机制，例如外国投资和国内的经济网络。

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