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首页> 外文期刊>The Americas Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology >Epigenetics Serves Genetics: Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) Resistance in Elite Wheat Germplasm
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Epigenetics Serves Genetics: Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) Resistance in Elite Wheat Germplasm

机译：表观遗传学为遗传服务：优良小麦种质中的枯萎病抗性

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Current gene introgression-based approaches have made only modest progress toward the goal of developing Canadian wheat cultivars with strong resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB). Re-examining comparisons of gene induction in resistant and susceptible near-isogenic lines of 'Sumai 3', a well-established source of FHB resistance, suggested that resistance was conditioned by effective expression of gene alleles already present in both resistant and susceptible lines. Our alternative approach, basedon modifying expression of existing gene alleles, rather than introgressing new ones, aims to preserve the valuable traits accumulated over time by breeders while changing the small number of traits needing improvement. Starting from a single seed of the doubled haploid Canadian wheat cultivar, 'McKenzie', successive generations of selfed lines inoculated with Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) evolved resistance to WSMV infection that became genetically fixed with repeated rounds of selection. Some of these lines also evolved improved FHB resistance which has proved stable in three years of testing. Improved resistance to leaf spots, while not specifically selected for, was also recorded in one family of lines, suggesting the versatility of such approaches to crop improvement. In a preliminary agronomic trial conducted in the absence of deliberately applied disease pressure, the evolved line with the best apparent combination of new traits confirmed its promise by equalling or surpassing its 'McKenzie' progenitor in the parameters that define the cultivar class. To honour the Scottish philosopher who prepared the ground for evolutionary thinking, we provisionally name this line Hume.
机译：当前基于基因渗入的方法在发展对镰刀疫病（FHB）具有强抗性的加拿大小麦品种的目标上仅取得了适度的进展。重新检测抗性和易感近等基因系“ Sumai 3”（一种成熟的FHB抗性来源）中的基因诱导比较，表明抗性是由抗性和易感系中已经存在的基因等位基因的有效表达所调节的。我们的替代方法基于修饰现有基因等位基因的表达，而不是渗入新的等位基因，其目的是保留育种者随着时间积累的宝贵性状，同时改变少数需要改进的性状。从加倍单倍体加拿大小麦品种'McKenzie'的单粒种子开始，连续几代接种了小麦条纹花叶病毒（WSMV）的自交系进化出了对WSMV感染的抗性，并通过反复的轮回选择而遗传固定。其中一些品系还改良了FHB抗性，在三年的测试中证明是稳定的。在一个系系中也记录了对叶斑抗性的提高，尽管未​​专门选择，但表明这种方法对作物改良的多功能性。在没有故意施加疾病压力的情况下进行的一项初步农艺试验中，具有最佳新特性组合的进化品系通过在定义品种类别的参数上等于或超过其“ McKenzie”祖先，证实了其前景。为了表彰为进化思想奠定基础的苏格兰哲学家，我们临时将其命名为休ume。

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