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XANES measurements of Cr valence in olivine and their applications to planetary basalts

机译：橄榄石中铬价的XANES测量及其在行星玄武岩中的应用

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In this work we present a series of experiments that examine the relationship between oxygen fugacity and Cr valence ratio in olivine grown from a basaltic liquid. These experiments are specifically targeted for an olivine-rich martian basalt composition that was modeled after the bulk chemistry of the meteorite Yamato 980459 (i.e., Y-98). The chromium valence ratio in the olivine crystals was measured with X?ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. Results from the XANES measurements indicate that the ratio of divalent to trivalent Cr in the olivine is not only systematically correlated with fO2, but is also reflective of the molar Cr~(3+)/Cr~(2+) in the silicate liquid from which it grew. In this way, measurements of Cr valence in olivine phenocrysts can yield important information about the oxygen fugacity and molar Cr~(3+)/Cr~(2+) of its parental liquid in the absence of a quenched melt phase. Although the results from the experiments presented in this work specifically apply to the Y-98 parental melt, the concepts and XANES analytical techniques discussed within the text present a novel, generalized methodology that may be applicable to any olivine-bearing basalt. Furthermore, the XANES-based measurements are made on a micrometer-scale, thus potential changes of the Cr~(3+)/Cr~(2+) in the melt during crystallization could be examined with a great deal of spatial detail.
机译：在这项工作中，我们提出了一系列实验，研究了从玄武质液体中生长的橄榄石中的氧逸度与Cr价比之间的关系。这些实验专门针对富含橄榄石的火星玄武岩组合物，该组合物是根据陨石大和980459（即Y-98）的整体化学性质建模的。橄榄石晶体中的铬化合价比是在阿贡国家实验室的Advanced Photon Source上通过X射线近边缘吸收光谱法（XANES）测量的。 XANES测量的结果表明，橄榄石中二价铬与三价铬的比率不仅与fO2系统相关，而且反映了硅酸盐液体中Cr〜（3 +）/ Cr〜（2+）的摩尔比。它增长了。这样，在没有淬火的熔融相的情况下，测量橄榄石中的Cr价可得到有关其烟气和母液中Cr〜（3 +）/ Cr〜（2+）摩尔比的重要信息。尽管这项工作中提出的实验结果特别适用于Y-98亲本熔体，但本文中讨论的概念和XANES分析技术提出了一种新颖的，通用的方法，可适用于任何含橄榄石的玄武岩。此外，基于XANES的测量是在微米级进行的，因此可以用大量空间细节检查结晶过程中熔体中Cr〜（3 +）/ Cr〜（2+）的电势变化。

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