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The Integration of Psychology in Pediatric Oncology Research and Practice Collaboration to Improve Care and Outcomes for Children and Families

机译：心理学在小儿肿瘤研究和实践合作中的整合，以改善对儿童和家庭的护理和结果

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Childhood cancers are life-threatening diseases that are universally distressing and potentially traumatic for children and their families at diagnosis, during treatment, and beyond. Dramatic improvements in survival have occurred as a result of increasingly aggressive multimodal therapies delivered in the context of clinical research trials. Nonetheless, cancers remain a leading cause of death in children, and their treatments have short-and long-term impacts on health and well-being. For over 35 years, pediatric psychologists have partnered with pediatric oncology teams to make many contributions to our understanding of the impact of cancer and its treatment on children and families and have played prominent roles in providing an understanding of treatment-related late effects and in improving quality of life. After discussing the incidence of cancer in children, its causes, and the treatment approaches to it in pediatric oncology, we present seven key contributions of psychologists to collaborative and integrated care in pediatric cancer: managing procedural pain, nausea, and other symptoms; understanding and reducing neuropsychological effects; treating children in the context of their families and other systems (social ecology); applying a developmental perspective; identifying competence and vulnerability; integrating psychological knowledge into decision making and other clinical care issues; and facilitating the transition to palliative care and bereavement. We conclude with a discussion of the current status of integrating knowledge from psychological research into practice in pediatric cancer.
机译：童年期癌症是威胁生命的疾病，在诊断，治疗期间及以后，对儿童及其家庭普遍造成困扰，并可能造成伤害。在临床研究试验中，由于越来越积极的多模式疗法的出现，使生存率有了显着提高。尽管如此，癌症仍然是儿童死亡的主要原因，其治疗对健康和福祉有短期和长期的影响。超过35年以来，儿科心理学家与儿科肿瘤学团队合作，为我们对癌症及其治疗对儿童和家庭的影响的理解做出了许多贡献，并在提供对与治疗有关的后期影响的理解以及改善癌症方面发挥了重要作用生活质量。在讨论了儿童癌症的发病率，其原因以及在儿科肿瘤学中的治疗方法之后，我们介绍了心理学家在儿科癌症合作与综合护理中的七个关键贡献：处理程序性疼痛，恶心和其他症状;了解并减少神经心理影响;在家庭和其他系统的范围内对待儿童（社会生态）;运用发展观点;确定能力和脆弱性;将心理知识纳入决策和其他临床护理问题;并促进向姑息治疗和丧亲的过渡。最后，我们讨论了将心理学研究中的知识整合到儿童癌症实践中的现状。

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