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首页> 外文期刊>The American psychologist >Tertiary Prevention in Cancer Care Understanding and Addressing the Psychological Dimensions of Cancer During the Active Treatment Period
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Tertiary Prevention in Cancer Care Understanding and Addressing the Psychological Dimensions of Cancer During the Active Treatment Period

机译：癌症护理中的三级预防了解并解决积极治疗期间癌症的心理问题

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Tertiary prevention refers to care aimed at reducing morbidity and disability in people diagnosed with, and being treated for, disease. This article focuses on psychological aspects of tertiary prevention during the active phase of cancer treatment. Research in this area gained momentum in the 1970s, a time that coincides with changing public attitudes about discussing cancer and the origins of health psychology and behavioral medicine as fields of study. Over the past 40 years, much has been learned about the psychological impact of cancer and the beneficial effects of psychological interventions on patients' mental and physical well-being. The amount of research in this area necessitates a selective, rather than comprehensive, review approach. The focus here is on issues that affect a large proportion of people with cancer and for which research has generated an in-depth understanding. Accordingly, the article summarizes findings regarding the prevalence, etiology, and contributing factors, and the clinical management of, two of the most common psychological reactions to cancer diagnosis and treatment (i.e., depression and anxiety) and two of the most common physical symptoms related to cancer and its treatment (i.e., fatigue and pain). The review also summarizes emerging lines of research on psychological reactions to recurrent and second cancers, and on cancer diagnosis and treatment as a "teachable moment" for promoting health behavior change. Finally, important future directions are identified, including the need to adopt a team science approach to tertiary care and to better translate findings from intervention research into clinical practice.
机译：三级预防是指旨在减少确诊为疾病的人的发病率和残疾的护理。本文重点关注癌症治疗积极阶段的三级预防的心理方面。 1970年代，这一领域的研究获得了动力，正值公众对讨论癌症以及健康心理学和行为医学作为研究领域的起源的态度发生变化之际。在过去的40年中，人们已经学到了很多关于癌症的心理影响以及心理干预对患者心理和身体健康的有益影响的知识。在这一领域的大量研究需要一种选择性而不是全面的审查方法。这里的重点是影响很大一部分癌症患者的问题，并且研究已经对此产生了深刻的理解。因此，本文总结了关于癌症诊断和治疗的两种最常见的心理反应（即抑郁和焦虑）以及与之相关的两种最常见的身体症状的患病率，病因，影响因素以及临床管理的发现。癌症及其治疗（即疲劳和疼痛）。该评论还总结了关于复发性和继发性癌症的心理反应以及癌症诊断和治疗作为促进健康行为改变的“可教之时”的新兴研究领域。最后，确定了重要的未来方向，包括需要采用团队科学的方法进行三级护理，以及将干预研究的结果更好地转化为临床实践。

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