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The Multiple Validities of Neuropsychological Assessment

机译：神经心理学评估的多重有效性

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This article discusses construct and criterion validity of neuropsychological tests, as well as assessment validity, which allows determination of whether an individual examinee is producing valid test results. Factor analyses identify 6 domains of abilities. Tests of learning and memory and processing speed are most sensitive to presence of brain dysfunction in both traumatic brain injury (TBI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Tests of processing speed, working memory, verbal symbolic functions, and visuoperceptual and visuospatial judgment and problem solving are sensitive to the severity of TBI and AD, as well as to the functional consequences of these disorders, including ability to work, financial and medical decision-making capacities, and driving ability. Unilateral hemisphere stroke allows study of impairment in sensorimotor skills and lateralized neuropsychological abilities, as well as the moderating effects of aphasia and neglect on test performance. Assessment validity is determined by performance validity tests, measuring whether an examinee is providing an accurate measure of their actual level of ability, and symptom validity tests, measuring whether an examinee is providing an accurate report of their actual symptom experience. A core neuropsychological battery is described that includes tests with established construct and criterion validity, and assessment validity, for comprehensive evidence-based evaluation.
机译：本文讨论了神经心理学测试的结构和标准效度以及评估效度，从而可以确定单个考生是否正在产生有效的测试结果。因子分析确定了6个能力领域。在创伤性脑损伤（TBI）和阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）中，学习记忆力和处理速度的测试对脑功能障碍的存在最敏感。对处理速度，工作记忆，言语符号功能以及视觉，视觉和视觉空间判断以及问题解决的测试对TBI和AD的严重程度以及这些疾病的功能后果（包括工作能力，财务和医疗决策）敏感制造能力和驾驶能力。单侧半球卒中可以研究感觉运动技能和神经心理能力的偏向性障碍，以及失语症和忽视对测试性能的调节作用。评估效度由绩效效度测试（衡量被测者是否提供其实际能力水平的准确度量）和症状效度测验（评估被测者是否提供其实际症状经历的准确报告）来确定。描述了一个核心神经心理电池，包括具有确定的结构和标准有效性以及评估有效性的测试，用于全面的基于证据的评估。

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