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首页> 外文期刊>The American psychologist >Are Adolescents Less Mature Than Adults?Minors' Access to Abortion, the Juvenile Death Penalty, and the Alleged APA 'Flip-Flop'
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Are Adolescents Less Mature Than Adults?Minors' Access to Abortion, the Juvenile Death Penalty, and the Alleged APA 'Flip-Flop'

机译：青少年比成年人还不成熟吗？未成年人有堕胎机会，少年死刑和所谓的APA“触发器”

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摘要

The American Psychological Association's (APA's) stanceon the psychological maturity of adolescents has beencriticized as inconsistent. In its Supreme Court amicusbrief in Roper v. Simmons (2005), which abolished thejuvenile death penalty, APA described adolescents as de-velopmentally immature. In its amicus brief in Hodgson v.Minnesota (1990), however, which upheld adolescents'right to seek an abortion without parental involvement,APA argued that adolescents are as mature as adults. Theauthors present evidence that adolescents demonstrateadult levels of cognitive capability earlier than they evinceemotional and social maturity. On the basis of this re-search, the authors argue that it is entirely reasonable toassert that adolescents possess the necessary skills to makean informed choice about terminating a pregnancy but arenevertheless less mature than adults in ways that mitigatecriminal responsibility. The notion that a single line can bedrawn between adolescence and adulthood for differentpurposes under the law is at odds with developmentalscience. Drawing age boundaries on the basis of develop-mental research cannot be done sensibly without a carefuland nuanced consideration of the particular demandsplaced on the individual for "adult-like" maturity in dif-ferent domains of functioning.
机译：美国心理学会（APA）关于青少年心理成熟的立场被批评为前后矛盾。在最高人民法院在Roper诉Simmons（2005）案中废除了少年死刑的最高法院友善诉状中，APA将青少年描述为在发展上还不成熟。但是，APA在其Hodgson诉明尼苏达州（1990）案的法庭之友摘要中维持了青少年在没有父母参与的情况下寻求堕胎的权利，APA认为青少年与成年人一样成熟。作者提供的证据表明，青少年表现出的成人认知能力早于他们的情绪成熟和社会成熟。在这项研究的基础上，作者认为，断言青少年具有必要的技能以做出知情的终止妊娠的选择是完全合理的，但是在减轻刑事责任的方式上，他们不如成年人成熟。根据法律，出于不同目的可以在青春期和成年期之间划出一条界限的观点与发展科学背道而驰。如果不仔细，细致地考虑个人对不同功能领域中“成人式”成熟的特殊要求，就无法明智地根据发展研究得出年龄界限。

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