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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >A neuroanatomically grounded Hebbian-learning model of attention-language interactions in the human brain.
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A neuroanatomically grounded Hebbian-learning model of attention-language interactions in the human brain.

机译：基于神经解剖学的人类大脑中注意-语言交互的Hebbian学习模型。

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摘要

Meaningful familiar stimuli and senseless unknown materials lead to different patterns of brain activation. A late major neurophysiological response indexing 'sense' is the negative component of event-related potential peaking at around 400 ms (N400), an event-related potential that emerges in attention-demanding tasks and is larger for senseless materials (e.g. meaningless pseudowords) than for matched meaningful stimuli (words). However, the mismatch negativity (latency 100-250 ms), an early automatic brain response elicited under distraction, is larger to words than to pseudowords, thus exhibiting the opposite pattern to that seen for the N400. So far, no theoretical account has been able to reconcile and explain these findings by means of a single, mechanistic neural model. We implemented a neuroanatomically grounded neural network model of the left perisylvian language cortex and simulated: (i) brain processes of early language acquisition and (ii) cortical responses to familiar word and senselesspseudoword stimuli. We found that variation of the area-specific inhibition (the model correlate of attention) modulated the simulated brain response to words and pseudowords, producing either an N400- or a mismatch negativity-like response depending on the amount of inhibition (i.e. available attentional resources). Our model: (i) provides a unifying explanatory account, at cortical level, of experimental observations that, so far, had not been given a coherent interpretation within a single framework; (ii) demonstrates the viability of purely Hebbian, associative learning in a multilayered neural network architecture; and (iii) makes clear predictions on the effects of attention on latency and magnitude of event-related potentials to lexical items. Such predictions have been confirmed by recent experimental evidence.
机译：有意义的熟悉刺激和无意义的未知物质会导致大脑激活的不同模式。晚期主要的神经生理反应索引为“感觉”，是事件相关电位的负分量在400 ms（N400）时达到峰值，该事件相关电位出现在需要注意的任务中，对于无意义的材料（例如，无意义的伪词）而言更大而不是匹配的有意义刺激（单词）。但是，失配负性（延迟100-250毫秒）是一种在分心情况下引起的早期自动大脑反应，它对单词的影响大于对伪单词的影响，因此呈现出与N400相反的模式。到目前为止，还没有任何理论上能够通过单一的机械神经模型来调和和解释这些发现。我们实现了左persylvian语言皮层的神经解剖学基础的神经网络模型，并模拟：（i）早期语言习得的大脑过程和（ii）对熟悉的单词和无意义的伪单词刺激的皮质反应。我们发现，特定区域抑制的变化（注意力与模型的相关性）调节了模拟的大脑对单词和伪单词的反应，根据抑制的量（即可用的注意力资源）产生了N400或错配的负性样反应。 ）。我们的模型：（i）在皮质水平上提供了对实验观察的统一解释性解释，到目前为止，在单个框架内还没有给出一致的解释; （ii）证明了在多层神经网络体系结构中纯Hebbian联想学习的可行性; （iii）对注意力对词汇项目的潜伏期和事件相关电位的大小的影响做出清晰的预测。最近的实验证据已经证实了这种预测。

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