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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >The histamine H1-receptor mediates the motivational effects of novelty.
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The histamine H1-receptor mediates the motivational effects of novelty.

机译：组胺H1受体介导新颖性的动机作用。

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摘要

Novelty-induced arousal has motivational effects and can reinforce behavior. The mechanisms by which novelty acts as a reinforcer are unknown. Novelty-induced arousal can be either rewarding or aversive dependent on its intensity and the preceding state of arousal. The brain's histamine system has been implicated in both arousal and reinforcement. Histamine and histamine-1-receptor (H1R) agonists induced arousal and wakefulness in humans and rodents, e.g. by stimulating cortical acetylcholine (ACh) release. The H1R has also been implicated in processes of brain reward via interactions with the nigrostriatal- and mesolimbic dopamine (DA) systems. We asked whether the motivational effects of novelty-induced arousal are compromised in H1R knockout (KO) mice. The H1R-KO mice failed to develop a conditioned place-preference induced by novel objects. Even though they still explore novel objects, their reinforcing value is diminished. Furthermore, they showed impaired novelty-induced alternation in the Y-maze. Rearing activity and emotional behavior in a novel environment was also altered in H1R-KO mice, whereas object-place recognition was unaffected. The H1R-KO mice had higher ACh concentrations in the frontal cortex and amygdala (AMY). In the latter, the H1R-KO mice had also increased levels of DA, but a lower dihydrophenylacetic acid/DA ratio. Furthermore, the H1R-KO mice had also increased tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the basolateral anterior, basolateral ventral and cortical AMY nuclei. We conclude that the motivational effects of novelty are diminished in H1R-KO mice, possibly due to reduced novelty-induced arousal and/or a dysfunctional brain reward system.
机译：新奇引起的唤醒具有激励作用，并且可以增强行为。新颖性作为增强剂的机制尚不清楚。新颖性引起的唤醒可以是奖励还是厌恶，取决于其强度和先前的唤醒状态。大脑的组胺系统与唤醒和增强有关。组胺和组胺-1-受体（H1R）激动剂在人和啮齿类动物中引起觉醒和清醒。通过刺激皮质乙酰胆碱（ACh）释放。 H1R还通过与黑质纹状体和中脑边缘多巴胺（DA）系统的相互作用而参与了大脑奖赏过程。我们询问在H1R基因敲除（KO）小鼠中新奇诱发的刺激的动机影响是否受到损害。 H1R-KO小鼠未能发展出由新物体诱导的条件位置偏好。即使他们仍在探索新颖的物品，其增值作用也会降低。此外，他们在Y型迷宫中表现出受损的新奇诱导交替。在H1R-KO小鼠中，在新环境中的饲养活动和情绪行为也发生了变化，而对象位置识别并没有受到影响。 H1R-KO小鼠的额叶皮层和杏仁核（AMY）中的ACh浓度较高。在后者中，H1R-KO小鼠的DA水平也有所增加，但是二氢苯基乙酸/ DA的比率较低。此外，H1R-KO小鼠在基底外侧前，基底外侧腹侧和皮质AMY核中也增加了酪氨酸羟化酶的免疫反应性。我们得出的结论是，新奇的动机影响在H1R-KO小鼠中有所减少，这可能是由于新奇诱导的唤醒和/或功能失调的大脑奖励系统减少。

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