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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Changes in reward-induced brain activation in opiate addicts.
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Changes in reward-induced brain activation in opiate addicts.

机译：鸦片成瘾者奖励诱发的大脑激活的变化。

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摘要

Many studies indicate a role of the cerebral dopaminergic reward system in addiction. Motivated by these findings, we examined in opiate addicts whether brain regions involved in the reward circuitry also react to human prototypical rewards. We measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with H(2)(15)O positron emission tomography (PET) during a visuo-spatial recognition task with delayed response in control subjects and in opiate addicts participating in a methadone program. Three conditions were defined by the types of feedback: nonsense feedback; nonmonetary reinforcement; or monetary reward, received by the subjects for a correct response. We found in the control subjects rCBF increases in regions associated with the meso-striatal and meso-corticolimbic circuits in response to both monetary reward and nonmonetary reinforcement. In opiate addicts, these regions were activated only in response to monetary reward. Furthermore, nonmonetary reinforcement elicited rCBF increases in limbic regions of the opiate addicts that were not activated in the control subjects. Because psychoactive drugs serve as rewards and directly affect regions of the dopaminergic system like the striatum, we conclude that the differences in rCBF increases between controls and addicts can be attributed to an adaptive consequence of the addiction process.
机译：许多研究表明大脑多巴胺能奖励系统在成瘾中的作用。基于这些发现，我们在鸦片成瘾者中研究了参与奖励电路的大脑区域是否也对人类原型奖励做出了反应。我们在视觉-空间识别任务中，在控制对象和参加美沙酮计划的鸦片瘾者中进行了延迟响应的视觉空间识别任务期间，用H（2）（15）O正电子发射断层扫描（PET）测量了局部脑血流量（rCBF）。反馈的类型定义了三个条件：废话反馈;非货币加固;或受试者获得的金钱奖励，以做出正确的回应。我们在对照组中发现，在响应金钱奖励和非货币强化的情况下，与中纹状体和中皮质皮质回路相关的区域中的rCBF增加。在鸦片上瘾者中，仅响应金钱奖励才激活这些区域。此外，非货币强化引起在对照对象中未激活的阿片成瘾者的边缘区域的rCBF增加。由于精神活性药物可作为奖励并直接影响纹状体等多巴胺能系统的区域，因此我们得出结论，对照组和成瘾者之间的rCBF增加的差异可归因于成瘾过程的适应性结果。

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