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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Embryonic motor activity and implications for regulating motoneuron axonal pathfinding in zebrafish.
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Embryonic motor activity and implications for regulating motoneuron axonal pathfinding in zebrafish.

机译：斑马鱼的胚胎运动活动和调节运动神经元轴突寻路的意义。

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Zebrafish embryos exhibit spontaneous contractions of the musculature as early as 18-19 h post fertilization (hpf) when removed from their protective chorion. These movements are likely initiated by early embryonic central nervous system activity. We have made the observation that narrowminded mutant embryos (hereafter, nrd(-/-)) lack normal embryonic motor output upon dechorionation. However, these mutants can swim and respond to tactile stimulation by larval stages of development. nrd(-/-) embryos exhibit defects in neural crest development, slow muscle development and also lack spinal mechanosensory neurons known as Rohon-Beard (RB) neurons. At early developmental stages (i.e. 21-22 hpf) and while still in their chorions, nrd siblings (nrd(+/?)) exhibited contractions of the musculature at a rate similar to wild-type embryos. Anatomical analysis indicated that RB neurons were present in the motile embryos, but absent in the non-motile embryos, indicating that the non-motile embryos were nrd(-/-) embryos. Further anatomical analysis of nrd(-/-) embryos revealed errors in motoneuron axonal pathfinding that persisted into the larval stage of development. These errors were reversed when nrd(-/-) embryos were raised in high [K(+)] beginning at 21 hpf, indicating that the abnormal axonal phenotypes may be related to a lack of depolarizing activity early in development. When activity was blocked with tricaine in wild-type embryos, motoneuron phenotypes were similar to the motoneuron phenotypes in nrd(-/-) embryos. These results implicate early embryonic activity in conjunction with other factors as necessary for normal motoneuron development.
机译：从保护性绒毛膜中取出后，斑马鱼胚胎最早在受精后（hpf）出现18-19 h时就会出现肌肉自发性收缩。这些运动可能是由早期胚胎中枢神经系统活动引起的。我们已经观察到，狭窄的突变体胚胎（以下称为nrd（-/-））在去绒毛膜切除后缺乏正常的胚胎运动输出。但是，这些突变体会游动并响应幼虫发育阶段的触觉刺激。 nrd（-/-）胚胎在神经c发育，肌肉发育缓慢以及缺乏称为Rohon-Beard（RB）神经元的脊髓机械感觉神经元方面表现出缺陷。在发育的早期阶段（即21-22 hpf），尽管它们仍处于绒毛膜中，但nrd兄弟姐妹（nrd（+ /？））的肌肉组织收缩速率与野生型胚胎相似。解剖分析表明，活动神经胚中存在RB神经元，但在非活动胚中则不存在RB神经元，这表明非活动胚为nrd（-/-）胚。对nrd（-/-）胚胎的进一步解剖分析显示，运动神经元轴突寻路中的错误一直持续到幼虫发育阶段。当nrd（-/-）胚胎从21 hpf开始以高[K（+）]饲养时，这些错误被逆转，这表明异常的轴突表型可能与发育早期缺乏去极化活性有关。当在野生型胚胎中用三卡因阻断活性时，运动神经元表型与nrd（-/-）胚胎中的运动神经元表型相似。这些结果暗示了早期胚胎活动以及正常运动神经元发育所必需的其他因素。

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