...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >A theoretical account of cognitive effects in delay discounting
【24h】

A theoretical account of cognitive effects in delay discounting

机译：延迟贴现中认知效应的理论解释

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Although delay discounting, the attenuation of the value of future rewards, is a robust finding, the mechanism of discounting is not known. We propose a potential mechanism for delay discounting such that discounting emerges from a search process that is trying to determine what rewards will be available in the future. In this theory, the delay dependence of the discounting of future expected rewards arises from three assumptions. First, that the evaluation of outcomes involves a search process. Second, that the value is assigned to an outcome proportionally to how easy it is to find. Third, that outcomes that are less delayed are typically easier for the search process to find. By relaxing this third assumption (e.g. by assuming that episodically-cued outcomes are easier to find), our model suggests that it is possible to dissociate discounting from delay. Our theory thereby explains the empirical result that discounting is slower to episodically-imagined outcomes, because these outcomes are easier for the search process to find. Additionally, the theory explains why improving cognitive resources such as working memory slows discounting, by improving searches and thereby making rewards easier to find. The three assumptions outlined here are likely to be instantiated during deliberative decision-making, but are unlikely in habitual decision-making. We model two simple implementations of this theory and show that they unify empirical results about the role of cognitive function in delay discounting, and make new neural, behavioral, and pharmacological predictions.
机译：尽管延迟贴现（即未来奖励价值的衰减）是一个可靠的发现，但贴现的机制尚不清楚。我们提出了一种潜在的延迟折扣机制，以使折扣从试图确​​定将来会获得哪些奖励的搜索过程中出现。在此理论中，未来预期奖励折现的延迟依赖性来自三个假设。首先，结果评估涉及一个搜索过程。第二，将值分配给结果与发现的难易程度成正比。第三，延迟较少的结果通常更易于搜索过程找到。通过放宽这第三个假设（例如，假设容易发现根据情节暗示的结果），我们的模型表明可以将折扣与延迟分离开来。因此，我们的理论解释了这样的实证结果，即贴现相对于情节想象的结果要慢，因为这些结果对于搜索过程而言更容易找到。此外，该理论还解释了为什么改善认知资源（例如工作记忆）会通过改善搜索，从而使奖励更容易找到而减慢贴现率。此处概述的三个假设可能会在审议决策过程中实例化，但在惯常决策中却不太可能。我们为该理论的两个简单实现建模，并表明它们统一了有关认知功能在延期贴现中的经验结果，并做出了新的神经，行为和药理学预测。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号