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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Lateral regions of the rodent striatum reveal elevated glutamate decarboxylase 1 mRNA expression in medium-sized projection neurons
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Lateral regions of the rodent striatum reveal elevated glutamate decarboxylase 1 mRNA expression in medium-sized projection neurons

机译：啮齿动物纹状体的外侧区域显示中等大小的投射神经元中谷氨酸脱羧酶1 mRNA表达升高

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摘要

The GABA-synthesizing enzymes glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)1 and GAD2 are universally contained in GABAergic neurons in the central nervous system of the mouse and rat. The two isoforms are almost identically expressed throughout the brain and spinal cord. By using in situ hybridization, we found that the mouse lateral striatum concentrates medium-sized projection neurons with high-level expression of GAD1, but not of GAD2, mRNA. This was confirmed with several types of riboprobe, including those directed to the 5'-noncoding, 3'-noncoding and coding regions. Immunohistochemical localization of GAD1 also revealed predominant localization of the enzyme in the same striatal region. The lateral region of the mouse striatum, harboring such neurons, is ovoid in shape and extends between interaural +4.8 and +2.8, and at lateral 2.8 and dorsoventral 2.0. This intriguing region corresponds to the area that receives afferent inputs from the primary motor and sensory cortex that are presumably related to mouth and forelimb representations. The lateral striatum is included in the basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop, and is most vulnerable to various noxious stimuli in the neurodegeneration processes involving the basal ganglia. We have confirmed elevated expression of GAD1 mRNA, but not of GAD2 mRNA, also in the rat lateral striatum. Image analysis favored the view that the regional increase is caused by elevated cellular expression, and that the greatest number of medium-sized spiny neurons were positive for GAD1 mRNA. The GAD1 mRNA distribution in the mouse lateral striatum partially resembled those of GPR155 and cannabinoid receptor type 1 mRNAs, suggesting functional cooperation in some neurons.
机译：GABA合成酶谷氨酸脱羧酶（GAD）1和GAD2普遍存在于小鼠和大鼠中枢神经系统的GABA能神经元中。两种同工型在大脑和脊髓中几乎相同地表达。通过使用原位杂交，我们发现小鼠外侧纹状体集中了中等大小的投射神经元，其高水平表达了GAD1，而不表达GAD2，mRNA。几种类型的核糖核酸探针已证实了这一点，包括那些针对5'-非编码区，3'-非编码区和编码区的。 GAD1的免疫组织化学定位也显示了该酶在同一纹状体区域的主要定位。带有这些神经元的小鼠纹状体的外侧区域呈卵形，在耳间+4.8和+2.8之间以及外侧2.8和背腹2.0之间延伸。这个有趣的区域对应于从初级运动和感觉皮层接收传入输入的区域，该传入可能与嘴和前肢的表现有关。外侧纹状体包含在基底神经节-丘脑皮质环中，并且在涉及基底神经节的神经变性过程中最容易受到各种有害刺激。我们已经证实大鼠侧纹状体中GAD1 mRNA的表达升高，但GAD2 mRNA的表达却没有升高。图像分析支持以下观点：区域增加是由细胞表达升高引起的，并且最大数量的中等大小的多刺神经元对GAD1 mRNA呈阳性。小鼠外侧纹状体中GAD1 mRNA的分布部分类似于GPR155和1型大麻素受体mRNA的分布，表明在某些神经元中存在功能协作。

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