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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Modulation of spinal excitability during observation of hand actions in humans.
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Modulation of spinal excitability during observation of hand actions in humans.

机译：观察人类手部动作期间脊髓兴奋性的调节。

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摘要

There is growing evidence that observation of actions performed by other individuals activates observer's cortical motor areas. This matching of observed actions on the observer's motor repertoire could be at the basis of action recognition. Here we investigated if action observation, in addition to cortical motor areas, involves also low level motor structures mimicking the observed actions as if they were performed by the observer. Spinal cord excitability was tested by eliciting the H-reflex in a finger flexor muscle (flexor digitorum superficialis) in humans looking at goal-directed hand actions presented on a TV screen. We found that, in the absence of any detectable muscle activity, there was in the observers a significant modulation of the monosynaptic reflex size, specifically related to the different phases of the observed movement. The recorded H-reflex rapidly increased in size during hand opening, it was depressed during hand closing and quickly recovered during object lifting. This modulation pattern is, however, opposite to that occurring when the recorded muscles are actually executing the observed action [Lemon et al. (1995) J. Neurosci., 15, 6145-56]. Considering that, when investigated at cortical level the modulation pattern of corticospinal excitability replicates the observed movements [Fadiga et al. (1995) J. Neurophysiol., 73, 2608-2611], this spinal 'inverted mirror' behaviour might be finalised to prevent the overt replica of the seen action.
机译：越来越多的证据表明，观察其他人的动作会激活观察者的皮层运动区。观察到的动作对观察者的运动能力的这种匹配可以是动作识别的基础。在这里，我们调查了动作观察，除了皮质运动区域外，是否还包括模仿观察到的动作的低级运动结构，就像观察者执行的动作一样。通过在观看电视屏幕上呈现的目标定向手势的人类中诱发手指屈肌（指趾浅肌）的H反射来测试脊髓的兴奋性。我们发现，在没有任何可检测的肌肉活动的情况下，观察者对单突触反射大小有明显的调节作用，特别是与观察到的运动的不同阶段有关。所记录的H反射在手张开时大小迅速增加，在手闭合时被压下，在提起物体时迅速恢复。但是，这种调制方式与所记录的肌肉实际执行观察到的动作时所发生的调制方式相反[Lemon et al。 （1995）J. Neurosci。，15，6145-56]。考虑到，当在皮质水平进行研究时，皮质脊髓兴奋性的调制模式会复制观察到的运动[Fadiga等。 （1995）J. Neurophysiol。，73，2608-2611]，这种脊柱“倒置镜”的行为可以最终确定，以防止所见动作的明显复制。

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