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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Insights on the neural basis of motor plasticity induced by theta burst stimulation from TMS-EEG
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Insights on the neural basis of motor plasticity induced by theta burst stimulation from TMS-EEG

机译：TMS-EEG的θ爆裂刺激引起的运动可塑性的神经基础的见解

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Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a useful tool to induce and measure plasticity in the human brain. However, the cortical effects are generally indirectly evaluated with motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) reflective of modulation of cortico-spinal excitability. In this study, we aim to provide direct measures of cortical plasticity by combining TMS with electroencephalography (EEG). Continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) was applied over the primary motor cortex (M1) of young healthy adults, and we measured modulation of (i) MEPs, (ii) TMS-induced EEG evoked potentials (TEPs), (iii) TMS-induced EEG synchronization and (iv) eyes-closed resting EEG. Our results show the expected cTBS-induced decrease in MEP size, which we found to be paralleled by a modulation of a combination of TEPs. Furthermore, we found that cTBS increased the power in the theta band of eyes-closed resting EEG, whereas it decreased single-pulse TMS-induced power in the theta and alpha bands. In addition, cTBS decreased the power in the beta band of eyes-closed resting EEG, whereas it increased single-pulse TMS-induced power in the beta band. We suggest that cTBS acts by modulating the phase alignment between already active oscillators; it synchronizes low-frequency (theta and/or alpha) oscillators and desynchronizes high-frequency (beta) oscillators. These results provide novel insight into the cortical effects of cTBS and could be useful for exploring cTBS-induced plasticity outside of the motor cortex. Continuous theta-burst stimulation applied to the motor cortex is a noninvasive brain stimulation protocol suppressing activity in the stimulated area. We show that cTBS (i) modulates a combination of TMS-evoked EEG potentials, providing a measure of excitability; (ii) decreases TMS-induced and increased resting oscillations in theta band, and has the opposite effects in beta band, consistent with hypothetical (de)synchronization mechanisms of active oscillators. Thus, cTBS exerts a complex, system-level impact on the brain. ? 2012 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
机译：经颅磁刺激（TMS）是诱导和测量人脑可塑性的有用工具。然而，通常通过反映皮质-脊髓兴奋性调节的运动诱发电位（MEP）间接评估皮质效应。在这项研究中，我们旨在通过将TMS与脑电图（EEG）结合提供直接测量皮质可塑性的方法。对年轻健康成年人的初级运动皮层（M1）施加持续的theta-burst刺激（cTBS），我们测量了（i）MEP，（ii）TMS诱发的脑电图诱发电位（TEPs），（iii）TMS的调节诱发的脑电图同步和（iv）闭眼静息的脑电图。我们的结果表明，预期的cTBS诱导的MEP大小减少，这与TEP组合的调节并行。此外，我们发现cTBS增加了闭眼静息EEGθ带的功率，而cTBS却减小了θ和α带的单脉冲TMS诱导的功率。此外，cTBS降低了闭眼静息EEG的β带中的功率，而增加了单脉冲TMS诱导的β带中的功率。我们建议cTBS通过调制已经激活的振荡器之间的相位对齐来起作用。它同步低频（θ和/或α）振荡器，并使高频（β）振荡器不同步。这些结果为cTBS的皮质效应提供了新颖的见解，并可能有助于探索cTBS诱导的运动皮层外部的可塑性。施加到运动皮层的连续theta-burst刺激是一种非侵入性的大脑刺激方案，可抑制刺激区域的活动。我们显示cTBS（i）调节TMS诱发的脑电势的组合，提供了兴奋性的度量; （ii）减小TMS引起的θ带中的静止振荡，并增加其静息振荡，而在β带中具有相反的作用，这与有源振荡器的假设（去同步）机制一致。因此，cTBS对大脑产生了复杂的系统级影响。 ？ 2012年欧洲神经科学学会联合会和布莱克韦尔出版有限公司。

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