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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Age-related changes in the guinea pig auditory cortex: relationship with brainstem changes and comparison with tone-induced hearing loss.
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Age-related changes in the guinea pig auditory cortex: relationship with brainstem changes and comparison with tone-induced hearing loss.

机译：豚鼠听觉皮层的年龄相关变化：与脑干变化的关系以及与音调引起的听力损失的比较。

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Elderly people often show degraded hearing performance and have difficulties in understanding speech, particularly in noisy environments. Although loss in peripheral hearing sensitivity is an important factor in explaining these low performances, central alterations also have an impact but their exact contributions remained unclear. In this study, we focus on the functional effects of aging on auditory cortex responses. Neuronal discharges and local field potentials were recorded in the auditory cortex of aged guinea pigs (> 3 years), and several parameters characterizing the processing of auditory information were quantified: the acoustic thresholds, response strength, latency and duration of the response, and breadth of tuning. Several of these parameters were also quantified from auditory brainstem responses collected from the same animals, and recordings obtained from a population of animals with trauma-induced hearing loss were also included in this study. The results showed that aging and acoustic trauma reduced the response strength at both brainstem and cortical levels, and increased the response latencies more at the cortical level than at the brainstem level. In addition to the brainstem hearing loss, aging induced a 'cortical hearing loss' as judged by additive changes in the threshold and frequency response seen in the cortex. It also increased the duration of neural responses and reduced the receptive field bandwidth, effects that were not found in traumatized animals. These effects substantiate the notion that presbycusis involves both peripheral hearing loss and biological aging in the central auditory system.
机译：老年人常常表现出听力下降，并且难以理解语音，尤其是在嘈杂的环境中。尽管周围听觉敏感性的下降是解释这些低下表现的重要因素，但中枢性改变也有影响，但其确切作用仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们专注于衰老对听觉皮层反应的功能影响。在老龄豚鼠（> 3年）的听觉皮层中记录神经元放电和局部场电位，并对表征听觉信息处理的几个参数进行了量化：声学阈值，反应强度，反应潜伏期和反应持续时间以及宽度调整。这些参数中的几个参数也从收集自相同动物的听觉脑干反应中进行了量化，并且该记录还包括从一群患有外伤性听力损失的动物中获得的记录。结果表明，衰老和听觉创伤降低了脑干和皮质水平的反应强度，并且在皮质水平比在脑干水平增加了更多的反应潜伏期。除脑干听力减退外，衰老还诱发了“皮质听力减退”，这可以通过皮质中阈值和频率响应的累加变化来判断。它也增加了神经反应的持续时间并减少了感受野的带宽，这在受过创伤的动物中没有发现。这些效果证实了老年性耳聋涉及中枢听觉系统的周围性听力损失和生物衰老的观念。

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