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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Pineal arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase gene expression is highly stimulated at night in the diurnal rodent, Arvicanthis ansorgei.
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Pineal arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase gene expression is highly stimulated at night in the diurnal rodent, Arvicanthis ansorgei.

机译：在夜间啮齿动物Arvicanthis ansorgei中，高度刺激了松果芳基烷基胺N-乙酰基转移酶基因的表达。

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摘要

The different mechanisms underlying the control of diurnal vs. nocturnal activity are still unknown. Regarding the nocturnal synthesis of the pineal hormone, melatonin, experiments performed on diurnal sheep or bovine and on nocturnal rat or hamster revealed important differences in the regulation of the melatonin rate-limiting enzyme, arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT). These observations raised the hypothesis that melatonin synthesis may be different in nocturnal vs. diurnal animals. In this study, we cloned the cDNA coding for Aa-nat and analysed the mechanisms of AA-NAT enzyme activation in the pineal gland of the diurnal grass rat, Arvicanthis ansorgei, and compared them to those of the nocturnal Wistar rat, Rattus norvegicus. Aa-nat gene sequences of both species are 86.6% identical. In Arvicanthis, Aa-nat gene expression is markedly increased at the beginning of the night and is followed by a large increase in AA-NAT activity and melatonin content. In contrast, at the end of the night, the decrease in AA-NAT activity and melatonin content precedes that of Aa-nat mRNA. A beta-adrenergic agonist given at daytime reproduces the nocturnal activation of melatonin synthesis, whereas, a beta-adrenergic antagonist given at night-time inhibits AA-NAT activity and melatonin synthesis independently of Aa-nat mRNA. The day-night regulation of melatonin synthesis in the pineal of the diurnal Arvicanthis, involving a transcriptional activation in early night and a post-translational inhibition at late night, is very similar to that of the nocturnal Wistar rat. In conclusion, the fundamental differences underlying melatonin synthesis among species rely upon phylogenetic rather than behavioural differences.
机译：昼夜活动与夜间活动控制的不同机制尚不清楚。关于松果激素，褪黑激素的夜间合成，在昼夜绵羊或牛以及夜间大鼠或仓鼠上进行的实验表明，褪黑素限速酶芳烷基胺N-乙酰基转移酶（AA-NAT）的调节存在重要差异。这些发现提出了这样的假设：夜间动物与昼夜动物的褪黑激素合成可能不同。在这项研究中，我们克隆了编码Aa-nat的cDNA，并分析了昼草大鼠Arvicanthis ansorgei的松果体中AA-NAT酶的激活机制，并将其与夜间Wistar大鼠Rattus norvegicus进行了比较。两种物种的Aa-nat基因序列相同，为86.6％。在Arvicanthis中，Aa-nat基因表达在夜间开始时显着增加，随后AA-NAT活性和褪黑激素含量大幅增加。相反，在夜晚结束时，AA-NAT活性和褪黑激素含量的下降先于Aa-nat mRNA的下降。白天给予的β-肾上腺素能激动剂会恢复褪黑激素合成的夜间激活，而夜间给予的β-肾上腺素能拮抗剂则能独立于Aa-nat mRNA抑制AA-NAT活性和褪黑素的合成。日夜Arvicanthis松果树中褪黑激素合成的昼夜调节与夜间Wistar大鼠的调节非常相似，该调节涉及深夜的转录激活和深夜的翻译后抑制。总之，物种间褪黑激素合成的根本差异取决于系统发育而不是行为差异。

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