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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Blood oxygenation level dependent signal and neuronal adaptation to optogenetic and sensory stimulation in somatosensory cortex in awake animals
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Blood oxygenation level dependent signal and neuronal adaptation to optogenetic and sensory stimulation in somatosensory cortex in awake animals

机译：血液氧合水平依赖性信号和神经元对清醒动物体感皮层光遗传和感觉刺激的适应

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摘要

The adaptation of neuronal responses to stimulation, in which a peak transient response is followed by a sustained plateau, has been well-studied. The blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal has also been shown to exhibit adaptation on a longer time scale. However, some regions such as the visual and auditory cortices exhibit significant BOLD adaptation, whereas other such as the whisker barrel cortex may not adapt. In the sensory cortex a combination of thalamic inputs and intracortical activity drives hemodynamic changes, although the relative contributions of these components are not entirely understood. The aim of this study is to assess the role of thalamic inputs vs. intracortical processing in shaping BOLD adaptation during stimulation in the somatosensory cortex. Using simultaneous fMRI and electrophysiology in awake rabbits, we measured BOLD, local field potentials (LFPs), single- and multi-unit activity in the cortex during whisker and optogenetic stimulation. This design allowed us to compare BOLD and haemodynamic responses during activation of the normal thalamocortical sensory pathway (i.e., both inputs and intracortical activity) vs. the direct optical activation of intracortical circuitry alone. Our findings show that whereas LFP and multi-unit (MUA) responses adapted, neither optogenetic nor sensory stimulation produced significant BOLD adaptation. We observed for both paradigms a variety of excitatory and inhibitory single unit responses. We conclude that sensory feed-forward thalamic inputs are not primarily responsible for shaping BOLD adaptation to stimuli; but the single-unit results point to a role in this behaviour for specific excitatory and inhibitory neuronal sub-populations, which may not correlate with aggregate neuronal activity.
机译：已经充分研究了神经元对刺激的适应性，其中峰值瞬态反应之后是持续的高原。还显示了血液氧合水平依赖性（BOLD）功能磁共振成像（fMRI）信号在更长的时间范围内显示出适应性。但是，某些区域（例如视觉皮层和听觉皮层）表现出明显的BOLD适应性，而其他区域（例如晶须桶状皮层）可能无法适应。尽管尚未完全理解这些成分的相对作用，但在感觉皮层中，丘脑输入和皮层内活动的结合会驱动血液动力学变化。这项研究的目的是评估在体感皮层刺激过程中，丘脑输入与皮层内处理在塑造BOLD适应中的作用。使用同时进行的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和电生理学检查，在晶须和光遗传学刺激过程中，我们测量了BOLD，局部场电位（LFP），皮质中的单单位和多单位活性。这种设计使我们能够比较正常丘脑皮层感觉途径（即输入和皮层内活动）激活期间的BOLD和血液动力学响应与单独皮层内电路的直接光学激活。我们的研究结果表明，尽管LFP和多单位（MUA）反应适应，光遗传刺激和感觉刺激均未产生明显的BOLD适应。我们在两种范例中都观察到了各种兴奋性和抑制性单反应。我们得出的结论是，前馈的丘脑感觉输入并不主要负责塑造BOLD刺激。但是单一单元的结果指出了特定兴奋性和抑制性神经元亚群在这种行为中的作用，这可能与总的神经元活性无关。

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