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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Early semantic and phonological effects on temporal- and muscle-specific motor resonance
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Early semantic and phonological effects on temporal- and muscle-specific motor resonance

机译：早期语义和语音学对特定于时间和肌肉的运动共振的影响

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Previous studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) explored the relationships between linguistic processing and motor resonance, i.e. the activation of the motor system while perceiving others performing an action. These studies have mainly investigated a specific linguistic domain, i.e. semantics, whereas phonology has been largely neglected. Here we used single-pulse TMS to compare the effects of semantic and phonological processing with motor resonance effects. We applied TMS to the primary motor hand area while subjects observed object-oriented actions and performed semantic and phonological tasks related to the observed action. Motor evoked potentials were recorded in two hand muscles, one of them more involved in the execution of the observed actions than the other one, at three different timepoints (0, 200 and 400ms after stimulus onset). The results demonstrated increased corticospinal excitability that was muscle-specific (i.e. restricted to the hand muscle involved in the observed action), hemisphere-specific (left), and time-specific (400ms after stimulus onset). The results suggest an additive effect of independent semantic and phonological processing on motor resonance. The novel phonological effect reported here expands the links between language and the motor system and is consistent with a theory of shared control for hand and mouth. Furthermore, the timing of the semantic effect suggests that motor activation during semantic processing is not an 'epiphenomenon' but rather is essential to the construction of meaning. Previous studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) explored the relationships between linguistic processing and motor resonance, i.e. the activation of the motor system while perceiving others performing an action. These studies have mainly investigated a specific linguistic domain, i.e. semantics, whereas phonology has been largely neglected.
机译：先前使用功能性磁共振成像和经颅磁刺激（TMS）进行的研究探索了语言处理与运动共振之间的关系，即在感知他人执行动作的同时激活了运动系统。这些研究主要研究了特定的语言领域，即语义，而语音学却被大大地忽略了。在这里，我们使用单脉冲TMS将语义和语音处理的效果与运动共振效果进行比较。当受试者观察到面向对象的动作并执行与观察到的动作相关的语义和语音任务时，我们将TMS应用于主要的手部动作区域。在两个不同的时间点（刺激发生后0、200和400ms），两只手的肌肉记录了运动诱发电位，其中一只手比另一只手更参与观察动作的执行。结果表明皮质脊髓兴奋性增加，这是肌肉特异性的（即仅限于参与观察到的动作的手部肌肉），半球特异性（左）和时间特异性（刺激开始后400毫秒）。结果表明独立语义和语音处理对运动共振的累加效应。此处报道的新型语音效果扩展了语言与运动系统之间的联系，并且与手和嘴的共享控制理论相一致。此外，语义效应的时机表明，语义处理过程中的运动激活不是“表象现象”，而是对意义建构必不可少的。先前使用功能性磁共振成像和经颅磁刺激（TMS）进行的研究探索了语言处理与运动共振之间的关系，即在感知他人执行动作的同时激活了运动系统。这些研究主要研究了特定的语言领域，即语义，而语音学却被大大地忽略了。

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