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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Chronic electrical stimulation of transected peripheral nerves preserves anatomy and function in the primary somatosensory cortex
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Chronic electrical stimulation of transected peripheral nerves preserves anatomy and function in the primary somatosensory cortex

机译：横切周围神经的慢性电刺激保留了初级体感皮层的解剖结构和功能

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摘要

The structure and function of the central nervous system strongly depend on the organization and efficacy of the incoming sensory input. A disruption of somesthetic input severely alters the metabolic activity, electrophysiological properties and even gross anatomical features of the primary somatosensory cortex. Here we examined, in the rat somatosensory cortex, the neuroprotective and therapeutic effects of artificial sensory stimulation after irreversible unilateral transection of a peripheral sensory nerve (the infraorbital branch of the trigeminal nerve). The proximal stump of the nerve was inserted into a silicon tube with stimulating electrodes, through which continuous electrical stimulation was applied for 12 h/day (square pulses of 100 μs, 3.0 V, at 20 Hz) for 4 weeks. Deafferented animals showed significant decreases in cortical evoked potentials, cytochrome oxidase staining intensity (layers II-IV), cortical volume (layer IV) and number of parvalbumin-expressing (layers II-IV) and calbindin-D28k-expressing (layers II/III) interneurons. These deafferentation-dependent effects were largely absent in the nerve-stimulated animals. Together, these results provide evidence that chronic electrical stimulation has a neuroprotective and preservative effect on the sensory cortex, and raise the possibility that, by controlling the physical parameters of an artificial sensory input to a sectioned peripheral nerve, chronically deafferented brain regions could be maintained at near-'normal' conditions. Our findings could be important for the design of sensory neuroprostheses and for therapeutic purposes in brain lesions or neural degenerative processes.
机译：中枢神经系统的结构和功能在很大程度上取决于传入的感觉输入的组织和功效。感觉输入的中断严重地改变了初级体感皮层的代谢活性，电生理特性甚至总体解剖特征。在这里，我们在大鼠的体感皮层中检查了周围感觉神经（三叉神经的眶下分支）不可逆的单侧横切后人工感觉刺激的神经保护和治疗作用。将神经的近端残端插入带有刺激电极的硅管中，通过该电极连续施加电刺激12 h / day（100 Hz的方波，3.0 V，20 Hz的方波）持续4周。脱失力的动物显示皮质诱发电位，细胞色素氧化酶染色强度（II-IV层），皮质体积（IV层）和表达小白蛋白的数量（II-IV层）和钙结合蛋白-D28k表达（II / III层）显着降低）interneurons。在神经刺激的动物中，基本上没有这些依赖脱除咖啡因的作用。在一起，这些结果提供了证据，证明慢性电刺激对感觉皮层具有神经保护和防腐作用，并增加了通过控制对周围神经的人工感觉输入的物理参数，可以维持慢性去力的大脑区域的可能性在接近“正常”的条件下。我们的发现对于感觉神经假体的设计以及脑损伤或神经退行性过程的治疗目的可能是重要的。

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