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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Twelve-hour days in the brain and behavior of split hamsters
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Twelve-hour days in the brain and behavior of split hamsters

机译：大脑中十二小时的生活和仓鼠的行为

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摘要

Hamsters will spontaneously 'split' and exhibit two rest-activity cycles each day when housed in constant light (LL). The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the locus of a brain clock organizing circadian rhythmicity. In split hamsters, the right and left SCN oscillate 12h out of phase with each other, and the twice-daily locomotor bouts alternately correspond to one or the other. This unique configuration of the circadian system is useful for investigation of SCN communication to efferent targets. To track phase and period in the SCN and its targets, we measured wheel-running and FOS expression in the brains of split and unsplit hamsters housed in LL or light-dark cycles. The amount and duration of activity before splitting were correlated with latency to split, suggesting behavioral feedback to circadian organization. LL induced a robust rhythm in the SCN core, regardless of splitting. The split hamsters' SCN exhibited 24-h rhythms of FOS that cycled in antiphase between left and right sides and between core and shell subregions. In contrast, the medial preoptic area, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, dorsomedial hypothalamus and orexin-A neurons all exhibited 12-h rhythms of FOS expression, in-phase between hemispheres, with some detectable right-left differences in amplitude. Importantly, in all conditions studied, the onset of FOS expression in targets occurred at a common phase reference point of the SCN oscillation, suggesting that each SCN may signal these targets once daily. Finally, the transduction of 24-h SCN rhythms to 12-h extra-SCN rhythms indicates that each SCN signals both ipsilateral and contralateral targets.
机译：仓鼠在持续光照（LL）下每天会自发地“分裂”并表现出两个休息活动周期。视交叉上核（SCN）是组织昼夜节律性的大脑时钟的所在地。在分开的仓鼠中，右SCN和左SCN彼此异相振荡12h，并且每天两次的运动周期交替对应于另一个。昼夜节律系统的这种独特配置对于调查SCN与传出目标的通信很有用。为了跟踪SCN及其目标的相位和周期，我们测量了以LL或明暗周期饲养的分裂和未分裂仓鼠大脑中的车轮行驶和FOS表达。分裂前的活动量和持续时间与分裂潜伏期相关，表明向昼夜节律组织的行为反馈。无论分裂如何，LL都会在SCN核心诱导出强劲的节奏。分开的仓鼠的SCN表现出FOS的24小时节律，该节律在左侧和右侧之间以及在核与壳子区域之间呈反相循环。相反，内侧视前区，下丘脑室旁核，下丘脑背侧丘脑和orexin-A神经元均表现出FOS表达的12小时节律，在半球之间同相，并且在振幅上可检测到左右差异。重要的是，在所有研究的条件下，靶标中FOS表达的发生均发生在SCN振荡的公共相位参考点上，这表明每个SCN可能每天向这些靶标发出一次信号。最后，将24小时SCN节律转换为12小时SCN外节律表明，每个SCN均向同侧和对侧靶标发出信号。

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