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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Engineering sleep to discover the function of slow wave activity (Commentary on Antonenko et al.)
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Engineering sleep to discover the function of slow wave activity (Commentary on Antonenko et al.)

机译:工程睡眠以发现慢波活动的功能(Antonenko等人评论)

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During non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM), the electroencephalogram (EEG) is dominated by low-frequency, high-amplitude oscillations (appro l-4 Hz 'slow wave activity' and < 1 Hz 'slow oscillations'). This synchronous activity has been proposed to play a role in memory consolidation (Diekelmann & Born, 2010) and in the hypothesized process of 'synaptic homeostasis' during sleep (Tononi & Cirelli, 2006). Thus far, however, research on the function of slow EEG activity has been largely correlational. A new study by Antonenko et al. (2013) joins several notable exceptions to this rule (e.g. Marshall et al., 2004, 2006; Aeschbach et al., 2008; Landsness et al., 2009; Mednick et al., 2013), reporting that experimentally enhancing slow EEG activity during nap sleep improves the subsequent encoding of declarative information. During a daytime nap, participants underwent intermittent periods of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) oscillating at 0.75 Hz. Relative to a control group receiving sham stimulation, tDCS substantially increased slow EEG frequencies (0.5-4 Hz) following stimulation intervals. After the nap, participants who underwent tDCS showed enhanced performance on several declarative memory tasks (relative to controls), but not on a procedural motor-learning task. The putative mechanism of enhanced learning following tDCS is that augmentation of slow wave activity induces plastic changes in the hippocampal system, enabling more effective subsequent encoding of hippocampus-dependent material, and having no effect on hippocampus-independent procedural learning.
机译:在非快速眼动睡眠(NREM)期间,脑电图(EEG)主要由低频,高振幅振荡(大约4 Hz的“慢波活动”和<1 Hz的“慢振荡”)主导。有人提出这种同步活动在记忆巩固中发挥作用(Diekelmann&Born,2010),并在睡眠过程中假设的“突触稳态”过程中发挥作用(Tononi&Cirelli,2006)。然而,到目前为止,关于慢脑电活动功能的研究在很大程度上是相关的。 Antonenko等人的一项新研究。 (2013年)加入了该规则的几个显着例外(例如Marshall等,2004年,2006年; Aeschbach等,2008年; Landsness等,2009年; Mednick等,2013年),报告说实验性地增强了慢脑电活动。在午睡期间,睡眠会改善声明性信息的后续编码。在白天小睡时,参与者经历了间歇性的经颅直流电刺激(tDCS),振动频率为0.75 Hz。相对于接受假刺激的对照组,tDCS在刺激间隔后显着增加了慢EEG频率(0.5-4 Hz)。午睡后,参加tDCS的参与者在一些声明性记忆任务(相对于控件)上表现出增强的性能,但是在程序性运动学习任务上却没有表现出增强的性能。 tDCS后增强学习的推定机制是,慢波活动的增强会引起海马系统的塑性变化,从而使随后对海马依赖性材料的编码更加有效,并且对不依赖海马的程序学习没有影响。

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