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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Brain γ-aminobutyric acid: A neglected role in impulsivity
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Brain γ-aminobutyric acid: A neglected role in impulsivity

机译：脑γ-氨基丁酸：在冲动中被忽略的作用

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The investigation of impulsivity as a core marker of several major neuropsychiatric disorders has been greatly influenced by the therapeutic efficacy of drugs that block the reuptake of dopamine and noradrenaline in the brain. As a result, research into the neural mechanisms of impulsivity has focused on the catecholamine systems as the loci responsible for the expression of impulsive behaviour and the primary mechanism of action of clinically effective drugs for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, abnormalities in the catecholamine systems alone are unlikely to account for the full diversity and complexity of impulsivity subtypes, nor can they fully explain co-morbid brain disorders such as drug addiction. Here we review the lesser-studied role of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in impulsivity, a major target of the dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems in the prefrontal cortex and striatum, and consider how abnormalities in this inhibitory neurotransmitter might contribute to several forms of impulsive behaviour in humans and experimental animals. Our analysis reveals several promising leads for future research that may help inform the development of new therapies for disorders of impulse control. The investigation of impulsivity as a core marker of several major neuropsychiatric disorders has been greatly influenced by the therapeutic efficacy of drugs that block the reuptake of dopamine and noradrenaline in the brain. As a result, research into the neural mechanisms of impulsivity has focused on the catecholamine systems as the loci responsible for the expression of impulsive behaviour and the primary mechanism of action of clinically-effective drugs for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
机译：冲动作为几种主要神经精神疾病的核心标志物的研究受到阻滞大脑中多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素再摄取的药物的治疗效果的影响。结果，对冲动的神经机制的研究集中于儿茶酚胺系统，后者是负责表达冲动行为的位点和临床上有效的注意力缺陷多动障碍药物（ADHD）的主要作用机制。然而，仅儿茶酚胺系统的异常不可能解释冲动性亚型的全部多样性和复杂性，也不能完全解释诸如药物成瘾之类的共病性脑部疾病。在这里，我们审查研究较少的γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）在冲动中的作用，冲动是前额叶皮层和纹状体中多巴胺能和去甲肾上腺素能系统的主要靶标，并考虑这种抑制性神经递质的异常可能如何导致多种形式的冲动在人类和实验动物中的行为。我们的分析揭示了未来研究的一些有前途的线索，这些线索可能有助于为冲动控制障碍的新疗法的开发提供信息。冲动作为几种主要神经精神疾病的核心标志物的研究受到阻滞大脑中多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素再摄取的药物的治疗效果的影响。结果，对冲动的神经机制的研究集中于儿茶酚胺系统，后者是负责冲动行为表达的位点和临床上有效的注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）药物的主要作用机制。

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