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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Gap junction networks can generate both ripple-like and fast ripple-like oscillations
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Gap junction networks can generate both ripple-like and fast ripple-like oscillations

机译：间隙结网络可以同时产生纹波和快速纹波振荡

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摘要

Fast ripples (FRs) are network oscillations, defined variously as having frequencies of > 150 to > 250 Hz, with a controversial mechanism. FRs appear to indicate a propensity of cortical tissue to originate seizures. Here, we demonstrate field oscillations, at up to 400 Hz, in spontaneously epileptic human cortical tissue in vitro, and present a network model that could explain FRs themselves, and their relation to 'ordinary' (slower) ripples. We performed network simulations with model pyramidal neurons, having axons electrically coupled. Ripples (< 250 Hz) were favored when conduction of action potentials, axon to axon, was reliable. Whereas ripple population activity was periodic, firing of individual axons varied in relative phase. A switch from ripples to FRs took place when an ectopic spike occurred in a cell coupled to another cell, itself multiply coupled to others. Propagation could then start in one direction only, a condition suitable for re-entry. The resulting oscillations were > 250 Hz, were sustained or interrupted, and had little jitter in the firing of individual axons. The form of model FR was similar to spontaneously occurring FRs in excised human epileptic tissue. In vitro, FRs were suppressed by a gap junction blocker. Our data suggest that a given network can produce ripples, FRs, or both, via gap junctions, and that FRs are favored by clusters of axonal gap junctions. If axonal gap junctions indeed occur in epileptic tissue, and are mediated by connexin 26 (recently shown to mediate coupling between immature neocortical pyramidal cells), then this prediction is testable. Fast ripples (FR) are network oscillations, defined variously as having frequencies above 150 Hz to above 250 Hz, of controversial mechanism. FR appear to indicate a propensity of cortical tissue to originate seizures.
机译：快速纹波（FRs）是网络振荡，其定义有> 150至> 250 Hz的频率，并存在争议。 FRs似乎表明皮层组织倾向于发作。在这里，我们在体外自发癫痫性人类皮层组织中演示了高达400 Hz的场振荡，并提出了一个可以解释FR本身及其与“普通”（较慢）波纹的关系的网络模型。我们使用具有轴突电耦合的模型锥体神经元进行了网络仿真。当动作电位从轴突到轴突的传导可靠时，建议使用波纹（<250 Hz）。尽管涟漪种群活动是周期性的，但单个轴突的发射在相对阶段有所不同。当异位尖峰发生在与另一个单元耦合的单元中时，发生了从波纹到FR的转换，该单元自身与其他单元相乘。然后，传播只能从一个方向开始，这是适合重新进入的条件。产生的振荡> 250 Hz，持续或中断，并且在发射单个轴突时几乎没有抖动。模型FR的形式类似于切除的人类癫痫组织中自发发生的FR。在体外，FR被间隙连接阻滞剂抑制。我们的数据表明，给定的网络可以通过间隙连接产生波纹，FR或同时产生两者，并且FR受轴突间隙连接簇的青睐。如果轴突间隙连接确实发生在癫痫组织中，并由连接蛋白26介导（最近显示可介导未成熟的新皮质锥体细胞之间的偶联），那么这一预测是可检验的。快速纹波（FR）是网络振荡，其争议机制的定义为频率在150 Hz以上至250 Hz以上。 FR似乎表明皮层组织容易发作。

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