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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Complementary distribution of type 1 cannabinoid receptors and vesicular glutamate transporter 3 in basal forebrain suggests input-specific retrograde signalling by cholinergic neurons.
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Complementary distribution of type 1 cannabinoid receptors and vesicular glutamate transporter 3 in basal forebrain suggests input-specific retrograde signalling by cholinergic neurons.

机译：基底前脑中1型大麻素受体和囊状谷氨酸转运蛋白3的互补分布表明胆碱能神经元的输入特异性逆行信号。

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Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons project to diverse cortical and hippocampal areas and receive reciprocal projections therefrom. Maintenance of a fine-tuned synaptic communication between pre- and postsynaptic cells in neuronal circuitries also requires feedback mechanisms to control the probability of neurotransmitter release from the presynaptic terminal. Release of endocannabinoids or glutamate from a postsynaptic neuron has been identified as a means of retrograde synaptic signalling. Presynaptic action of endocannabinoids is largely mediated by type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptors, while fatty-acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is involved in inactivating some endocannabinoids postsynaptically. Alternatively, vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3) controls release of glutamate from postsynaptic cells. Here, we studied the distribution of CB1 receptors, FAAH and VGLUT3 in cholinergic basal forebrain nuclei of mouse and rat. Cholinergic neurons were devoid of CB1 receptor immunoreactivity. A fine CB1 receptor-immunoreactive (ir) fibre meshwork was present in medial septum, diagonal bands and nucleus basalis. In contrast, the ventral pallidum and substantia innominata received dense CB1 receptor-ir innervation and cholinergic neurons received CB1 receptor-ir presumed synaptic contacts. Consistent with CB1 receptor distribution, FAAH-ir somata were abundant in basal forebrain and appeared in contact with CB1 receptor-containing terminals. Virtually all cholinergic neurons were immunoreactive for FAAH. A significant proportion of cholinergic cells exhibited VGLUT3 immunoreactivity in medial septum, diagonal bands and nucleus basalis, and were in close apposition to VGLUT3-ir terminals. VGLUT3 immunoreactivity was largely absent in ventral pallidum and substantia innominata. We propose that specific subsets of cholinergic neurons may utilize endocannabinoids or glutamate for retrograde control of the efficacy of input synapses, and the mutually exclusive complementary distribution pattern of CB1 receptor-ir and VGLUT3-ir fibres in basal forebrain suggests segregated input-specific signalling mechanisms by cholinergic neurons.
机译：基底前脑胆碱能神经元投射到不同的皮层和海马区，并从那里接受相互的投射。维持神经元回路中突触前和突触后细胞之间的微调突触通讯还需要反馈机制，以控制神经递质从突触前末端释放的可能性。从突触后神经元释放内源性大麻素或谷氨酸已被确定为逆行突触信号的一种手段。大麻素的突触前作用在很大程度上由1型大麻素（CB1）受体介导，而脂肪酸酰胺水解酶（FAAH）参与突触后使某些大麻素失活。或者，囊泡谷氨酸转运蛋白3（VGLUT3）控制谷氨酸从突触后细胞的释放。在这里，我们研究了CB1受体，FAAH和VGLUT3在小鼠和大鼠胆碱能基底前脑核中的分布。胆碱能神经元缺乏CB1受体免疫反应性。内侧隔，对角带和基底核中存在良好的CB1受体-免疫反应性（ir）纤维网。相反，腹侧苍白球和无名实体接受密集的CB1受体-神经支配，胆碱能神经元接受CB1受体-IR的突触接触。与CB1受体分布一致，FAAH-ir躯体在基底前脑中含量丰富，并与含有CB1受体的末端接触。几乎所有胆碱能神经元都对FAAH具有免疫反应性。很大一部分胆碱能细胞在中隔，对角带和基底核中均表现出VGLUT3免疫反应性，并与VGLUT3-ir末端紧密结合。 VGLUT3免疫反应在腹侧苍白球和无名实实在没有。我们建议胆碱能神经元的特定子集可以利用内源性大麻素或谷氨酸逆向控制输入突触的功效，而基础前脑中CB1受体-ir和VGLUT3-ir纤维的相互排斥的互补分布模式提示分离的输入特定信号传导机制通过胆碱能神经元。

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