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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Cellular mechanisms of the trigeminally evoked startle response.
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Cellular mechanisms of the trigeminally evoked startle response.

机译：三叉神经诱发惊吓反应的细胞机制。

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The startle response is an important mammalian model for studying the cellular mechanisms of emotions and of learning. It consists of contractions of facial and skeletal muscles in response to sudden acoustic, tactile or vestibular stimuli. Whereas the acoustic startle pathway is well described, only a few recent studies have investigated the tactile startle pathway. It was proposed that there is a direct projection from the principal sensory nucleus to the central sensorimotor interface of the startle response, which is formed by the giant neurons in the caudal pontine reticular formation. We explored this projection in greater detail in vitro. Anterograde tracing in rat brain slices confirmed projections with large axon terminals from the ventral part of the principal sensory nucleus to the lateral caudal pontine reticular formation. Electrophysiological studies revealed a monosynaptic glutamatergic connection between principal sensory nucleus neurons and caudal pontine reticular formation giant neurons. The synapses displayed paired-pulse facilitation at high-frequency stimulation, and homosynaptic depression at 1 Hz stimulation. The latter form of plasticity is thought to underlie habituation of the startle response. Furthermore, postsynaptic currents in caudal pontine reticular formation giant neurons evoked by principal sensory nucleus neuron stimulation summed in a linear way with signals evoked by stimulation of auditory afferents. Synaptic plasticity and summation of synaptic currents correspond well with in vivo data previously published by other groups. We thus presume that these synapses mediate trigeminal input to the startle pathway.
机译：惊吓反应是研究情绪和学习的细胞机制的重要哺乳动物模型。它由响应突然的声音，触觉或前庭刺激而引起的面部和骨骼肌收缩组成。尽管声音惊吓途径已得到很好的描述，但只有少数近期研究研究了触觉惊吓途径。有人提出，从主要感觉核到惊吓反应的中央感觉运动界面有直接的投影，这是由尾部桥脑网状结构中的巨大神经元形成的。我们在体外更详细地探讨了这一预测。大鼠脑切片的顺行性示踪证实了从主要感觉核的腹侧部分到尾​​部尾脑桥网状结构的大轴突末端的投影。电生理研究表明，主要感觉神经元神经元与尾脑桥网状网状巨神经元之间存在单突触性谷氨酸能连接。突触在高频刺激下显示成对脉冲的促进，在1 Hz刺激下显示出突触抑制。后者的可塑性被认为是惊吓反应习惯的基础。此外，主感觉核神经元刺激诱发的尾桥脑膜网状结构巨神经元的突触后电流以线性方式与刺激听觉传入的信号相加。突触可塑性和突触电流的总和与其他小组先前发表的体内数据非常吻合。因此，我们假定这些突触介导三叉神经输入到惊吓途径。

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