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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Time is a rubberband: neuronal activity in monkey motor cortex in relation to time estimation.
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Time is a rubberband: neuronal activity in monkey motor cortex in relation to time estimation.

机译：时间是橡皮筋：猴子运动皮层的神经元活动与时间估计有关。

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Anticipation of predictable events is crucial for organizing motor performance. Using instructed delay tasks, it has been shown that even when delay duration is kept constant, reaction time fluctuates from trial to trial. As time estimation is at the core of anticipatory behavior, it is reasonable to speculate whether neuronal delay activity correlates with the subjective estimate of time. As a consequence of the scalar property of time estimation processes, the variability in time estimation increases continuously as time passes during the delay. This scalar property may then be reflected in the increasing variability in neuronal delay activity. We thus studied the influence of temporal prior information on neuronal delay activity in monkey motor cortex in two conceptually different tasks in which two equally probable delay durations were randomly presented. We hypothesized that if one considers the animal's subjective time as the time which elapses between the first (instruction) signal and movement onset, then, by suppressing this temporal variability, across-trial variability in neuronal discharge should decrease. We thus defined a new time scale in each trial such that, after rescaling, the time between the instruction signal and movement onset was identical in all trials. Each spike was then displaced in time accordingly. As expected, the variability in the timing of neuronal peak discharges no longer increased during the trial. This suggests a direct link between the temporal profile of spiking activity and time estimation. The timing of motor cortical activity reflected the 'elasticity' of the animal's subjective time.
机译：对可预测事件的预期对于组织运动表现至关重要。使用指示的延迟任务，已证明即使延迟持续时间保持恒定，反应时间也会因试验而波动。由于时间估计是预期行为的核心，因此推测神经元延迟活动是否与时间的主观估计有关是合理的。由于时间估计过程的标量特性，时间估计的可变性在延迟期间随着时间的流逝而不断增加。然后，这种标量特性可以反映在神经元延迟活动的增加的可变性中。因此，我们在两个概念上不同的任务中研究了时间先验信息对猴运动皮层神经元延迟活动的影响，其中随机地提出了两个相等可能的延迟时间。我们假设，如果将动物的主观时间视为第一（指令）信号与运动发作之间的时间，那么通过抑制这种时间变异性，神经元放电的跨试验变异性应降低。因此，我们在每个试验中定义了一个新的时间标度，以便在重新定标后，在所有试验中，指令信号和运动开始之间的时间是相同的。然后每个尖峰都相应地及时移动。如预期的那样，在试验期间神经元峰值放电时间的可变性不再增加。这表明尖峰活动的时间分布与时间估计之间存在直接联系。运动皮层活动的时间反映了动物主观时间的“弹性”。

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